PHP新手上路三
b>从一个简单的程序来了解PHP
PHP站点的在线教程已经很棒了。而本文的该部分将让你对PHP熟悉一点。我不可能做到没有任何遗漏,我的目的只在于能让你迅速开始你的PHP编程。
3.1 首要条件
你首先必须要有一个正在工作着的支持PHP的web服务器。我假定在你的服务器上所有PHP文件的扩展名为.php3。
3.2 PHP的安装
有关PHP的安装配置,可以查阅网页陶吧上的“PHP安装全攻略”专题文章。
3.3 语法
从语法上看,PHP语言近似于C语言。可以说,PHP是借鉴C语言的语法特征,由C语言改进而来的。我们可以混合编写PHP代码和HTML代码,不仅可以将PHP脚本嵌入到 HTML 文件中,我们甚至还可以把 HTML 标签也嵌入在 PHP 脚本里。以下是你可以采用的几种方法。你可以选用其中一种你最适合的并且就这样坚持这种方法!
从HTML中分离
以下是可以使用的方法:
$#@60;? . . . ?$#@62;
$#@60;?php . . . ?$#@62;
$#@60;script language="php"$#@62; . . . $#@60;/script$#@62;
$#@60;% . . . %$#@62;
注:当你使用“$#@60;? . . . ?$#@62;”将PHP代码嵌入于HTML文件中时,可能会同XML发生冲突,同时,能否使用这一缩减形式还取决于PHP本身的设置。为了可适应XML和其它编辑器,你可以在开始的问号后面加上“php”使PHP代码适应于XML分析器。如:“$#@60;?php. . . ?$#@62;”。也可以像写其它脚本语言那样使用脚本标记,如:“$#@60;script language="php"$#@62; . . . $#@60;/script$#@62;”。
语句
与Perl和C一样,在PHP中用“;”来分隔语句。那些从HTML中分离出来的标志也表示语句的结束。
注释
PHP支持C,C++和Unix风格的注释方式:
/* C,C++风格多行注释 */
// C++风格单行注释
# Unix风格单行注释
echo 和 print
PHP 和 HTML 最简单的交互是通过 print 和 echo 语句来实现的,在实际使用中, print 和 echo 两者的功能几乎是完全一样。可以这么说,凡是有一个可以使用的地方,另一个也可以使用。但是,两者之间也还是一个非常重要的区别:在 echo 函数中,可以同时输出多个字符串,而在 print 函数中则只可以同时输出一个字符串。同时,echo函数并不需要圆括号,所以echo? 更像是语句而不像是函数。让我们来看看下面这一实例:
$#@60;?
$a="hello";
$b="world";
echo "a","b";
print "a","b";
?$#@62;
用浏览器观看这段代码的运行情况后,你会看到这样的运行结果:
aba
Parse error: parse error in d:adminmyphphome est.php3 on line 5
这说明这段代码并不能完全通过解释,发生错误的地方就在代码的第五行:“print "a","b";”。
3.4一个简单的实例
通过我们已经学过的知识,你可以编写一个最简单的程序输出一个也许是程序世界中最有名的词语
$#@60;HTML$#@62;
$#@60;HEAD$#@62;
$#@60;TITLE$#@62;
$#@60;?
echo "Hello World!";
?$#@62;
$#@60;/TITLE$#@62;
$#@60;/HEAD$#@62;
$#@60;BODY$#@62;
$#@60;H1$#@62;
First PHP page
$#@60;/H1$#@62;
$#@60;HR$#@62;
$#@60;?
// Single line C++ style comment
/*
printing the message
*/
echo "Hello World!";
# Unix style single line comment
?$#@62;
$#@60;/BODY$#@62;
$#@60;/HTML$#@62;

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