PHP开发中session应用详解
Session指的就是用户在浏览某个网站时,从进入网站到浏览器关闭所经过的这段时间,也就是用户浏览这个网站所花费的时间。从上述的定义中我们可以看到,Session实际上是一个特定的时间概念。
一般来说,在网站上某一个页面中的变量(指服务器端变量,下同)是不能在下一页中用的,有了session就好办了。session中注册的变量可以作为全局变量使用。这样我们就可以将session用于用户身份认证,程序状态记录,页面之间参数传递。
在php(做为现在的主流开发语言)3版本中是如何实现session的?
php(做为现在的主流开发语言)3本身是没有实现session功能的,我们只有用其他的方法来实现,这其中最有名的要算php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib了。php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib最基本的功能包括用户认证、Session管理、权限及数据库的抽象化。下面我们就讲述一下如何用php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib实现session。
1、首先安装php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib(环境为win2000+php(做为现在的主流开发语言)3.0.16+apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)1.3.12+php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib7.2c+MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)3.23.21 for win32)
首先将php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib解开,里面有一个"php(做为现在的主流开发语言)"目录,将这个目录拷贝到apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)的安装目录下。例如:apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)安装在d:apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台) 目录下,那么就将"php(做为现在的主流开发语言)"目录拷贝到d:apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台),并将php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib目录的pages目录下(不包括目录本身)的文件和目录一起拷贝到d:apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)htdocs下。
php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib的类库需要根据系统进行初始化,可能需要修改local.inc文件,其中包含着一些基本参数,可以根据自己机器的实际情况来进行修改。
将d:apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)php(做为现在的主流开发语言)prepend.php(做为现在的主流开发语言)文件中的一段程序改为如下样子:
if (!isset($_php(做为现在的主流开发语言)LIB) or !is_array($_php(做为现在的主流开发语言)LIB)) {
$_php(做为现在的主流开发语言)LIB["libdir"] = "d:/apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)/php(做为现在的主流开发语言)/"; //放php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib下php(做为现在的主流开发语言)目录的路径
}
修改d:apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)php(做为现在的主流开发语言)local.inc文件:
class DB_Example extends DB_Sql {
var $Host = "localhost"; //MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库所在主机名
var $Database = "test"; //数据库名
var $User = "root"; //数据库用户名
var $Password = "1234567"; //数据库用户密码
}
最后根据php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib目录下的stuff子目录中的create_database.MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)文件生成初始表。
由于每一个使用php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib的页面首先必须可以找到运行php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib所必需的类库文件,我们可以在php(做为现在的主流开发语言).ini中设置auto_prepend变量来支持,php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib中包含一个prepend.php(做为现在的主流开发语言)文件,并将auto_prepend指定为"d:/apache(Unix平台最流行的WEB服务器平台)/php(做为现在的主流开发语言)/prepend.php(做为现在的主流开发语言)"(带引号)后,各页面就会自动包含php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib类库,我们还可以将php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib类库所在目录加进include变量中,以便可以找到这些文件。 2、调用page_open()函数
在每一个使用php(做为现在的主流开发语言)lib的页面中,必须首先调用page_open函数进行初始化,例如:

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