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PHP的语言层面的优化和代码优化

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:35 AM
cache php world code optimization and large scale develop yes of system language

大规模的系统开发中,Cache无疑是至关重要的,php世界里,虽然不如java当中,有那么丰富的cache解决方案可以选择,但是,仍然有一些成熟的方案,从《advanced PHP programming》中我就学到了如下一些:

1、语言层面的优化:php具有不少引擎(engine)层面的api,通过这些api,可以改变引擎执行的行为,从而达到优化运行的目的。其中,最值得 去做的就是对编译结果cache。众所周知,php每次执行都需要经历源代码–〉编译–〉中间代码–〉引擎执行 这样的过程,对于一些大型应用,相当多的时间花费在无益的编译上了(不仅仅是访问页面的php文件需要经过编译环节,当脚本中利用require(), include()包含的一些文件都需要经过编译)。通过对编译结果的cache,能够极大地提高系统的性能(和系统复杂性、规模成正比) 。

php世界中三个主流的能够实现编译cache的工具是:

The Zend Accelerator—A commercial, closed-source, for-cost compiler cache produced by Zend Industries
The ionCube Accelerator—A commercial, closed-source, but free compiler cache written by Nick Lindridge and distributed by his company, ionCube
APC—A free and open-source compiler cache written by Daniel Cowgill and George Schlossnagle

APC的安装方法,APC包含在PECL中,具体安装如下 190-823 190-802 :

运行命令

#pear install apc

之后,在php.ini文件中添加:

extension = /path/to/apc.so

这样,就完成了安装,当下次运行php,APC就会自动激活,将编译结果放入共享内存中cache起来,下次再执行的时候就直接从内存中获取编辑结果执行,不需要再次编译。

疑问:对于自上次编译后变动了的php,APC是否能够自动重新编译?

2、php代码优化:利用一些工具能够市的编译后产生优质中间代码,具体如下:

The Zend Optimizer is a closed-source but freely available optimizer.
The ionCube accelerator contains an integrated optimizer.
proof-of-concept optimizer in PEAR.

优化器主要的功能:

1、清除无用的代码,例如永远也不会执行的死代码。

2、常量的计算,例如将$seconds_in_day = 24*60*60直接变为$seconds_in_day = 86400;

3、其它代码优化功能,例如有这么一个语句:

$count++;

会优化为++$count,使得执行速度更快。 当然,如果语句是$i = $count++;则不会进行优化

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