将DAO Generator应用于PHP和MySQL
本文将揭示如何使用DAO设计模式生成可以完成各种常见MySQL数据库操作的PHP类。
数据访问对象(DAO)为数据库提供了一个抽象接口，使得开发人员无需了解数据库模式的详细信息就可以访问常见数据库操作——实际上，数据访问对象实现了应用程序的低级别的数据访问逻辑与高级别的业务逻辑的分离。这种分离是非常重要的，因为它使得这两种重要的应用程序层可以彼此相对独立，从而使我们可以经常地对它们进行单独扩展。使用DAO后，发生变化的商业逻辑可以使用相同的DAO接口，同时对逻辑的修改不会影响DAO客户端——只要该接口的实现是适当的。
用于PHP和MySQL的DAO Generator可以自动为MySQL数据库创建DAO类。本文中，我们将介绍如何：
- 安装用于PHP和MySQL的DAO Generator
- 生成一个使用给定数据库(bookstore)的DAO工件
- 使用DAO Generator工具及其工厂类创建一个应用程序
- 创建一个生成多个SQL操作的事务
- 为生成的类添加一个定制的DAO函数
一、用于PHP和MySQL的DAO Generator
通常情况下，我们会使用某种特定的语言来给具体的目标数据库生成各种类。例如，我们可以使用DAO Generator给PHP语言和MySQL数据库生成PHP类，以便利用这些类来查询和更新使用了DAO设计模式的MySQL数据库。这个工具的安装和使用都很简单，但是要想高效的使用它，就需要对DAO机制有一点点的了解。
您可以下载用于PHP和MySQL的DAO Generator，地址为http://www.phpdao.com/。若要安装它，可以按照以下步骤操作：
1.下载压缩文档phpdao-1.7.zip。
2. 将下载的文件解压到htdocs目录。
3. 通过在templates/class/dao/sql/ConnectionProperty.class.php文件中指定数据库属性来为现有数据库设置一个连接。
4. 运行generate.php脚本。
5. 该工具将生成的类加入到新建的、名为generated的文件夹中。
下面的图 1展示了用于PHP和MySQL的DAO Generator的体系结构。
图 1. DAO Generator的体系结构：该图展示了用于PHP和MySQL的的DAO Generator的体系结构和数据流程
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