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PHP进行SQLite实例教程

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:38 AM
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        本教程将向你介绍SQLite API所支持的重要方法,提供一个能够用在你开发中的简单脚本模板,从而告诉你如何使用PHP与SQLite数据库进行交互操作。本文假设你已经安装好了 Apache和PHP。
        你的系统上并不是一定非要安装可交互的SQLite程序;但是为了能够简化创建本教程所需要的一系列初始表格,你应该下载和安装这个程序。然后,为你的SQL查询创建一个示例表格,方法是创建一个空白的文本文件,将该文件名作为下列命令(列表A)的参数在交互命令提示符下执行二进制程序:
sqlite> CREATE TABLE users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, username TEXT, country TEXT);
sqlite> INSERT INTO users VALUES (1, john, IN);
sqlite> INSERT INTO users VALUES (2, joe, UK);
sqlite> INSERT INTO users VALUES (3, diana, US);

一旦表格创建好了,下面就是使用PHP的SQLite方法建立一个脚本模板。
// set access parameters
$db = "users.db";
// open database file
// make sure script has read/write permissions!
$conn = sqlite_open($db) or die ("ERROR: Cannot open database");
// create and execute INSERT query
$sql = "INSERT INTO users (id, username, country) VALUES (5, pierre, FR)";
sqlite_query($conn, $sql) or die("Error in query execution: " . sqlite_error_string(sqlite_last_error($conn)));
// create and execute SELECT query
$sql = "SELECT username, country FROM users";
$result = sqlite_query($conn, $sql) or die("Error in query execution: " . sqlite_error_string(sqlite_last_error($conn)));
// check for returned rows
// print if available
if (sqlite_num_rows($result) > 0) {
   while($row = sqlite_fetch_array($result)) {
       echo $row[0] . " (" . $row[1] . ") ";
   }
}
// close database file
sqlite_close($conn);
?>

在使用PHP的SQLite扩展执行SQL查询的时候,要按照下列四个简单步骤进行:
1.调用sqlite_open()函数来初始化数据库句柄。数据库的路径和文件名(要记住,SQLite是基于文件的,而不是像MySQL那样基于服务器)被作为自变量传递给函数。

2.创建SQL查询字符串,用sqlite_query()函数执行它。这些方法的结果对象会依据查询的类型以及它是否成功而有所不同。成功的 SELECT查询会返回一个结果对象;成功的INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE查询会返回一个资源标识符;不成功的查询会返回“伪”。 sqlite_error_string()和sqlite_last_error()方法能够被用来捕捉错误并显示相应的错误信息。

3.对于SELECT查询,结果对象可以被进一步处理,以便从中提取数据。当sqlite_fetch_array()函数用在循环里的时候会把每条记录作为PHP的数组取回。你可以通过调用数组合适的键来访问每条记录的各个字段。

4.调用sqlite_close()函数可以结束会话。
PHP 5.x的一个创新之举是加入了SQLite数据库引擎。SQLite是一个基于文件的、功能齐全的可移植数据库引擎,它能够被用来进行绝大多数SQL操作而不会加重客户端-服务器通信的负载。PHP

5.x里的这个SQLite API在默认情况下会被激活,这也意味着你可以立即就使用SQLite。
希望这个脚本模块能够在你下一次坐下来用PHP编写SQLite连接/交互例程的时候为你节省一些时间。编程愉快!

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