Home php教程 php手册 讲解PHP创建Memcached客户端缓存

讲解PHP创建Memcached客户端缓存

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:39 AM
memcached php The essential create exist storage client data yes system cache explain key value

emcached 是一个键值存储系统,它将关键数据存储在内存中,大大减少存取数据的时间。使用Memcached的好处不言而喻,它不仅减少了系统访问数据库的压力,而且提高系统的反应速度。至于什么样的系统需要使用memcache,笔者建议数据量大,访问频繁系统可以采取Memcached作为缓存的中间层。

使用Memcached的缺点除了增加程序的代码量,还有就是不能保证数据库的实时性,另外在第一次初始化数据库会需要额外的时间。但是这些的缺点比起它的优点是很微不足道。

PHP带有操作Memcached的扩展,它提供一组函数来操作Memcached服务器,将他们简单分一下类:
1.Memcached的连接函数(connect, pconnect)
2.memcahced的操作函数(set, get, delete, replace, flush)
3.多服务器配置函数(addServer)
4.状态监控函数(getStats.....)

下面摘一段代码,给大家一个直观的印象:(假设Memcached安装在172.10.10.10上面,端口号12121)
$memcache = new Memcached();  
$memcahce->connect(172.10.10.10, 12121);  
$memcache->set(Key, Value);  
$memcache->get(Key);
上面的主要完成了Memcached的简单操作流程:连接Memcached服务器,设置值,取值(Key的值是Value);

这里需要向大家说明一下addServer函数和connect函数,addServer是将多个服务器放在连接池,而connect只是将连接某一台服务器;如果在使用了addServer,再使用connect,这里就会只使用一台服务器。

介绍了Memcached的使用后,下面向大家介绍如何编写自己的PHP Memcached的客户端。

Memcached是一个服务器端程序,我们自然可以使用PHP中的套接字程序来连接,并进行相应的通讯,完成数据的存储操作。要使用PHP和 Memcached通讯,首先需要知道Memcached的通讯协议,相关的信息可以在Memcached的源码的doc/protocol.txt中找到。

这里笔者使用get命令向大家展示一下这个过程
这个命令主要是从数据中提取数据,输入格式: get key
如果服务器没有这个值,则返回: END
如果这个值存在,返回: VALUE key 数据块

以下代码是简单模拟的客户端操作
$fp = fsocketopen(172.10.10.10, 12121, $errorno, $errstr, 1);  
if(!$fp)  
echo "$errstr";  
else
{  
$out = "get key  ";  
fwrite($out);  
while(!feof($fp))  
$str  . = fgets($fp);  
if(stripos($str, END) ===0)  
exit("NO value find")  
$arr = implode( , $str);  
echo $arr[1];  
}
简单解释上面的代码,使用fsocketopen打开服务器的socket通讯接口,然后向其发送get key命令, 然后获取返回的数据,并解析返回的数据。这里都没有做异常的处理,在编程的时候要填上。

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