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PHP设计模式漫谈之迭代器模式(4)

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:42 AM
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注意,迭代器是比对象集更好的抽象,因为我们可以让InfiniteIterators,NoRewindIterators等,不用与普通数组阵列与一致,因此,Iterator缺少count()函数等功能。
在PHP官方手册中可以找到完整的SPL迭代器列表。得益于对PHP的强力支持,使用迭代器模式的大部分工作都包括在标准实现中,下面的代码示例就利用了标准Iterator和RecursiveIterators的功能。

  private 今天《PHP设计模式漫谈》系列的主角是迭代器(Iterator)模式,它在一个很常见的过程上提供了一个抽象:位于对象图不明部分的一组对象(或标量)集合上的迭代。迭代有几种不同的具体执行方法:在数组属性,集合对象,数组,甚至一个查询结果集之上迭代。


在对象的世界里,迭代器模式要维持类似数组的功能,看作是一个非侵入性对象刻面(facet),Client类往往分离自真实对象实现,指iterator接口。只要有可能,我们可以给迭代器传送一个引用,代替将来可能发生变化的具体或抽象类。
 图1 迭代器模式
参与者:
◆客户端(Client):引用迭代器模式的方法在一组值或对象上执行一个循环。
◆迭代器(Iterator):在迭代过程上的抽象,包括next(),isFinished(),current()等方法。
◆具体迭代器(ConcreteIterators):在一个特定的对象集,如数组,树,组合,集合等上实现迭代。
通过Traversable接口,PHP原生态支持迭代器模式,这个接口由Iterator和IteratorAggregate做了扩展,这两个子接口不仅是定义了一套标准的方法,每个Traversable对象都可以原封不动地传递给foreach(),foreach是迭代器的主要客户端,Iterator实现是真正的迭代器,而IteratorAggregate是有其它职责的Traversable对象,它通过getIterator()方法返回一个Iterator。

标准PHP库是PHP中绑定的唯一通用目的面向对象库,定义了额外的接口和公用类。OuterIterator实现装饰一个Iterator,CachingIterator和LimitIterator是这个接口的两个例子。
RecursiveIterator是Iterator接口为树形结构实现的一个扩展,它定义了一组额外的方法检查迭代中当前元素的子对象是否存在。RecursiveArrayIterator和RecursiveDirectoryIterator是这个接口的实现示例,这些类型的迭代器可以原样使用,或是用一个RecursiveIteratorIterator桥接到一个普通的迭代器契约。这个OuterIterator实现将会根据构造参数执行深度优先或广度优先遍历。
使用RecursiveIteratorIterator时,可以将其传递给foreach,请看后面的代码示例,了解RecursiveIterators的不同用法和它们的超集Iterator。最后,SeekableIterators向契约添加了一个seek()方法,它可以用于移动Iterator的内部状态到一个特定的迭代点。

 

 

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