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php函数getenv()与putenv()和$_SERVER

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:43 AM
php server and function variable and environment of system grammar

getenv 取得系统的环境变量
语法:string getenv(string varname);-----------参数varname应该是$_SERVER(服务器超级全局变量数组)中预定的元素索引名、或者是用putenv("new=very new")定义一下new为环境变量,所以new作为参数将得值very new
返回值:字符串
函数种类:PHP 系统功能
内容说明:若正确取得环境变量 varname,则返回变量值。失败则返回 false。
使用范例
下例可以取得用户浏览器所在机器的网址


$ip = getenv(“REMOTE_ADDR”);
?>

$_SERVER是服务器超级全局变量数组 用$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']同样可以获取到客户端的IP地址。

二者的区别在于,getenv不支持IIS的isapi方式运行的php

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putenv 配置系统环境变量

PHP putenv()语法:void putenv(string setting);

返回值:无

函数种类:PHP 系统功能

内容说明:本函数用来配置系统环境变量。

使用范例:

配置 Oracle 数据库需使用的环境变量 NLS_LANG,返回资料含中文 BIG5 码。


putenv("NLS_LANG=american_taiwan.zht16big5");
?>

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

putenv()与getenv()综合示例

putenv("new=very new");
$is_new = getenv("new");
$new="bu shi";

echo $is_new,"
",$new;

?>

输出:

very new

所以从上可以知道不用怕在我们的代码里定义与putenv定义的环境变量同名,像此例中putenv("new=very new");     与    $new="bu shi";      -----new一样了也不出错。


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

PHP服务器变量$_SERVER详解:

今天仔细学习了一下手册关于服务器变量的内容,写个一个笔记,贴出来希望对初学者有帮助。

红色的是我认为比较常用和重要的,蓝色部分是我自己调试后加上的,便于理解。

转载请尊重劳动成果,呵呵,体力活,不好整。

服务器变量 $_SERVER 详解:

1、$_SESSION['PHP_SELF'] -- 获取当前正在执行脚本的文件名

2、$_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] -- 请求页面时通信协议的名称和版本。例如,“HTTP/1.0”。

3、$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME'] -- 请求开始时的时间戳。从 PHP 5.1.0 起有效。和time函数效果一样。

4、$_SERVER['argv'] -- 传递给该脚本的参数。我试了下,get方法可以得到$_SERVER['argv'][0];post方法无法给他赋值。

5、$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] -- 返回当前主机名。

6、$_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE'] -- 服务器标识的字串,在响应请求时的头信息中给出。 如Microsoft-IIS/6.0

7、$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] -- 访问页面时的请求方法。例如:“GET”、“HEAD”,“POST”,“PUT”。

8、$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] -- 查询(query)的字符串(URL 中第一个问号 ? 之后的内容)。

9、$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] -- 当前运行脚本所在的文档根目录。在服务器配置文件中定义。 如E:\server

10、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'] -- 当前请求的 Accept: 头信息的内容。

11、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET'] -- 当前请求的 Accept-Charset: 头信息的内容。例如:“iso-8859-1,*,utf-8”。

12、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'] -- 当前请求的 Accept-Encoding: 头信息的内容。例如:“gzip”。

13、$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'] -- 当前请求的 Accept-Language: 头信息的内容。例如:“en”。

14、$_SERVER['HTTP_CONNECTION'] -- 当前请求的 Connection: 头信息的内容。例如:“Keep-Alive”。

15、$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] -- 当前请求的 Host: 头信息的内容。

16、$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] -- 链接到当前页面的前一页面的 URL 地址。

17、$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] -- 返回用户使用的浏览器信息。也可以使用 get_browser() 得到此信息。

18、$_SERVER['HTTPS'] -- 如果通过https访问,则被设为一个非空的值,否则返回off.

19、$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] -- 正在浏览当前页面用户的 IP 地址。

20、$_SERVER['REMOTE_HOST'] -- 正在浏览当前页面用户的主机名。反向域名解析基于该用户的 REMOTE_ADDR。如本地测试返回127.0.0.1

21、$_SERVER['REMOTE_PORT'] -- 用户连接到服务器时所使用的端口。我在本机测试没通过,不知道什么原因。

22、$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] -- 当前执行脚本的绝对路径名。如返回E:\server\index.php

23、$_SERVER['SERVER_ADMIN'] -- 该值指明了 Apache 服务器配置文件中的 SERVER_ADMIN 参数。如果脚本运行在一个虚拟主机上,则该值是那个虚拟主机的值

24、$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] -- 服务器所使用的端口。默认为“80”。如果使用 SSL 安全连接,则这个值为用户设置的 HTTP 端口。

25、$_SERVER['SERVER_SIGNATURE'] -- 包含服务器版本和虚拟主机名的字符串。

26、$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED'] -- 当前脚本所在文件系统(不是文档根目录)的基本路径。这是在服务器进行虚拟到真实路径的映像后的结果。 Apache 2 用 户可以使用 httpd.conf 中的 AcceptPathInfo On 来定义 PATH_INFO。

27、$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'] -- 包含当前脚本的路径。这在页面需要指向自己时非常有用。__FILE__ 包含当前文件的绝对路径和文件名(例如包含文件)。

28、$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] -- 访问此页面所需的 URI。例如,“/index.html”。

29、$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'] -- 当作为 Apache 模块运行时,进行 HTTP Digest 认证的过程中,此变量被设置成客户端发送的“Authorization”HTTP 头内容(以便作进一步的认证操作)。

30、$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER']-- 当 PHP 运行在 Apache 或 IIS(PHP 5 是 ISAPI)模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的用户名。

31、$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW'] -- 当 PHP 运行在 Apache 或 IIS(PHP 5 是 ISAPI)模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的密码。

32、$_SERVER['AUTH_TYPE']--当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是认证的类型。

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