网站文件批量转码
引: 由于数据库要求,数据库由原gbk2312编码更改为utf-8,为方便数据交互减少编码不一致引起的问题,
需要将网站整站转码(gb2312-->utf-8)
一 在网上找批量转码工具
注意: 1.这个软件支持选择文件,或者选择目录,有部分可选类型,也可以是所有文件,提供方便的同时也要细心。查看所选文件里是否有不需要转码的文件,如不同编码的文件,图片等,一定不要一起给转了。
2.没有去重功能,所以注意不要重复选择文件(重复选择会怎么样,我还试)
3. 若勾选”保留文件备份“,则每个文件都有一个对应的bak文件生成,由于我项目已经用git管理了,所以不需要备份(git自己有恢复功能),怎么备份法看具体情况吧,反正这大动作还是要慎重的。
二,去除bom头
使用EditPlus编辑器打开刚才转码过的文件,底部状态栏显示编码为”UTF-8+“,即含有bom头.
什么是bom? 引用网友一段话"在utf-8编码文件中BOM在文件头部,占用三个字节,用来标示该文件属于utf-8编码,现在已经有很多软件识别bom头,但是还有些不能识别bom头,比如PHP就不能识别bom头,这也是用记事本编辑utf-8编码后执行就会出错的原因了.
这样在php执行程序的时候会将bom头作为内容输出,在遇到要求不能有输出的时候,如session_start()就会出错。
单个文件,用editplus编辑器打开另存为无‘utf-8’(即无bom)的文件即可。
对于这么多文件,有网友分享了一段脚本,快速批量准确的去除bom头(没查到原作者,在此感谢高人分享~),在被转码文件的根目录下建一个php文件,以下代码拷贝进去,在url中输入访问地址,执行即可:
if (isset($_GET['dir'])){ //设置文件目录
$basedir=$_GET['dir'];
}else{
$basedir = '.';
}
$auto = 1;
checkdir($basedir);
function checkdir($basedir){
if ($dh = opendir($basedir)) {
while (($file = readdir($dh)) !== false) {
if ($file != '.' && $file != '..'){
if (!is_dir($basedir."/".$file)) {
echo "filename: $basedir/$file ".checkBOM("$basedir/$file")."
";
}else{
$dirname = $basedir."/".$file;
checkdir($dirname);
}
}
}
closedir($dh);
}
}
function checkBOM ($filename) {
global $auto;
$contents = file_get_contents($filename);
$charset[1] = substr($contents, 0, 1);
$charset[2] = substr($contents, 1, 1);
$charset[3] = substr($contents, 2, 1);
if (ord($charset[1]) == 239 && ord($charset[2]) == 187 && ord($charset[3]) == 191) {
if ($auto == 1) {
$rest = substr($contents, 3);
rewrite ($filename, $rest);
return ("BOM found, automatically removed._http://www.k686.com");
} else {
return ("BOM found.");
}
}
else return ("BOM Not Found.");
}
function rewrite ($filename, $data) {
$filenum = fopen($filename, "w");
flock($filenum, LOCK_EX);
fwrite($filenum, $data);
fclose($filenum);
}
?>
三,使用强大的ZendSdio批量查找替换htm中申明的gb2312的编码为utf-8
注意:新建的zend工程,查看htm是否正常显示,如果是乱码,查看工程htm的编码是否设置为utf-8, 选中工程,全局搜索(ctrl+H)“charset=gb2312”批量替换为“charset=utf-8”,
注意:可能某些引入项目外部的文件,需要保持申明为gb2312,所以,就需要排除这些例外,不可一起被替换,而对于本次已被转码的文件,是需要被替换的。
另外可能还有有空格的如“charset= gb2312”,没空格的,各种写法都搜一搜。以防有漏网之鱼。
四,然后重点是php文件里的gb2312(或gbk),要结合上下文逻辑语境,确定是否需要替换。各种写法也要都搜一搜,如utf8,utf-8,gbk,gb2312等

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