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PHP对战ASP:这还值得讨论吗?

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:00 AM
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什么是PHP
PHP代表了"超文本处理器",这意味着你必须知道,它是一种服务器端的处理语言,且以HTML的形式出现。它最常用的地方就是网页了,数据从客户机发送到Web服务器,信息在此被处理并返回结果。
但这种通用性的语言丝毫不局限于在网页方面,PHP也能被用在命令行shell中,它可作为操作系统的一个扩展,由此执行相应的PHP文件。
在数据库方面的应用也是PHP的一个强项,MySQL、SQL、Microsoft Access、Oracle及InterBase只不过是采用了PHP语言的一部分数据库。
什么是ASP
ASP是Acitve Server Pages的缩写,它也是一种服务器端的脚本语言,微软公司为达到动态网页的效果,把它集成进了服务提供者进程,就是众所周知的COM(Component Object Models)。
尽管ASP也不只限于在IIS(Internet Information Services)服务器上运行,但只有在IIS上,才能发挥它的全部功能,最初支持它的操作系统为Windows 2000及NT4 Option Pack。同样,ASP在除IIS之外的平台上也能运行,PWS(Personal Web Server)就能在Windows NT、95、98上解释ASP代码,但是,功能会有所限制。
成本问题
可能很多人都想要争论ASP与PHP的成本问题,但这真的不是一个主要的重点所在。大多数购买IIS的用户是为了与微软产品的更好集成,话说回来,IIS绝对对得起这多花出去的钱。
PHP与运行它的Apache Web Server都是免费的,它们是由Apache软件基金会提供的--安全、免费,正因为此,PHP可以免费安装,唯一的成本是购买运行它的服务器,及安装的时间成本。
速度问题
这个问题也是服务器端脚本语言中,双方争论最激烈之处,自从这两种语言来到这个世界,这个问题的争论就没有停止过。
一般来说,应用程序在使用完内存之后,应把它"还给"操作系统,只要内存一直在被程序使用,操作系统通常也不会要求收回。PHP使用内存的独特方法,使之成为了它的一个优点。PHP在得到一块内存之后,会暂时保留住它,当内存用完后,并没有把它还给操作系统,而保留用于接下来可能发生操作。这个可以在配置文件中进行修改。
因为基于COM的架构,所以ASP稍微慢一点,原因是它调用了对象模型,而系统又必须加载这些模型,这有点儿像那些使用了控件的编程语言。在内存消耗方面,也与标准应用程序相差无几。
实际上,速度区别最大的地方是IIS或Apache Web Server运行于的计算机,如果计算机不同,那么,在配置更好的计算机上的语言将运行得更快一些。

兼容性思考
说到兼容性问题,那就太多了,因为世界上没有两台计算机的硬件与软件是完全相同的,正因为此,人们都想知道,在他们已拥有的设备上,程序会怎样运作。
从这个范畴来说,PHP可能已先胜出一步了,它赢在开放源代码方面(Open Source),这意味着它背后可能有着不计其数的开发者、更好的资源、更大的文档库等等。由于这些因素,PHP开发的越多,程序员学到的也越多。
ASP一般认为只能运行在IIS上,正如前面所提到的,这并不是十分正确,事实上,ASP也能运行在Apache上。Apache ASP可在任意Apache服务器上运行有限的ASP功能,所需做的,只需打开mod_perl。
要记住的是,PHP可运行在任意平台上,Mac OS X、Windows、Linux及Solaris都是可运行它的操作系统。
安全性考虑
不管安全性有多高,任何事物都存在被攻破的可能,唯一缺乏的只是时间与资源的问题。
Apache的安全选项使它比Windows Server操作系统更具安全性,IIS已有很多已知的安全漏洞,且一直在进行修补;相比而言,Apache的安全性可是有目共睹的。
编程易学性
ASP来源于微软产品中最常见的语言--Visual Basic,所以,它非常简单易学;而PHP更多地以C++语言为基础,这可能也是它速度快的一部分原因吧!
ASP的一般性误解
ASP与ASP.NET完全不是一种东西,ASP.NET是对ASP编程语言的一次彻底重写,正因为此,它的大部分功能是不能向后兼容的,它适合于微软更新的 .NET架构。
结论
从个人的角度来看,PHP更快、更安全、更易于使用、兼容性更高,甚至更便宜,但也并不是说ASP一无是处。有关两者进一步更多的讨论也没什么必要,使用最与你系统兼容、最符合你期望的语言就是了。

(责任编辑 火凤凰

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