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Zend引擎的发展历程(1)

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:02 AM
php zend develop object bring engine mentioned Model of discuss

Zeev讨论了Zend引擎带来的对象模型,特别提到它与PHP的前几个版本中的模型有什么不同.当1997年夏天,我们开发出PHP 3, 我们没有计划要使PHP具备面向对象的能力. 当时没有任何与类和对象有关的想法. PHP3是一个纯粹面向过程的语言. 但是,在1997.8.27的晚上PHP3 alpha版中增加了对类的支持. 增加一个新特性给PHP,当时仅需要极少的讨论,因为当时探索PHP的人太少. 于是从1997年八月起, PHP迈出了走向面向对象编程语言的第一步.

确实,这只是第一步. 因为在这个设计中只有极少的相关的想法,对于对象的支持不够强大. 这个版本中使用对象仅是访问数组的一个很酷的方法而已. 取代使用$foo[“bar”],你可以使用看起来更漂亮的$foo->bar. 面向对象方法的主要的优势是通过成员函数或方法来储存功能. 例子图1中显示了一个典型的代码块. 但是它和例图2中的做法其实并没有太大不同.

PHP 3 object-oriented programming PHP3中的面向对象编程

<?php    class Example    {        var $value = "some value";        function PrintValue()        {            print $this->value;        }    }    $obj = new Example();    $obj->PrintValue(); ?>
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PHP 3 structural programming PHP3 PHP3中的结构化编程

<?php    function PrintValue($arr)    {        print $arr["value"];    }    function CreateExample()    {        $arr["value"] = "some value";        $arr["PrintValue"] = "PrintValue";        return $arr;    }    $arr = CreateExample();    //Use PHP's indirect reference    $arr["PrintValue"]($arr); ?>
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以上我们在类中写上两行代码,或者显示地传递数组给函数. 但考虑到PHP3中这两种选择并没有任何不同,我们仍然可以仅把对象模型当成一种”语法上的粉饰”来访问数组.

想要用PHP来进行面向对象开发的人们,特别是想使用设计模式的人,很快就发现他们碰壁了. 幸运地,当时(PHP3时代)没有太多人想用PHP来进行面向对象开发.

PHP4改变了这种情况. 新的版本带来了引用(reference)的概念, 它允许PHP的不同标识符指向内存中的同一个地址. 这意味着你可以使用两个或更多的名称来给同一个变量命名,就像例图3那样.

 PHP 4 references PHP4中的引用

<?php    $a = 5;    //$b points to the same place in memory as $a $b与$a指向内存中同个地址    $b = &$a;    //we're changing $b, since $a is pointing to 改变$b,指向的地址改变    //the same place - it changes too $a指向的地址也改变    $b = 7;    //prints 7  输出7    print $a; ?> 
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图3

由于构建一个指向彼此的对象网络是所有面向对象设计模式的基础,这个改进具有非常重大的意义.当引用允许建立更多强大的面向对象应用程序, PHP对待对象和其它类型数据相同的做法带给开发者极大的痛苦.就像任何PHP4的程序员将会告诉你的, 应用程序将会遭遇WTMA(Way Too Many Ampersands过多&)综合症. 如果你想构建一个实际应用,你会感到极为痛苦,看看例图4你就明白.

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