转载 PHP 数组(二)
转载 PHP 数组(2)
原文:http://taobeibei.iteye.com/blog/614857
什么是数组?
在使用 PHP 进行开发的过程中,或早或晚,您会需要创建许多相似的变量。
无需很多相似的变量,你可以把数据作为元素存储在数组中。
数组中的元素都有自己的 ID,因此可以方便地访问它们。
有三种数组类型:
数值数组
数值数组存储的每个元素都带有一个数字 ID 键。
可以使用不同的方法来创建数值数组:
例子 1
在这个例子中,会自动分配 ID 键:
$names = array("Peter","Quagmire","Joe");
例子 2
在这个例子中,我们人工分配的 ID 键:
$names[0] = "Peter";$names[1] = "Quagmire";$names[2] = "Joe";
可以在脚本中使用这些 ID 键:
以上代码的输出:
Quagmire and Joe are Peter's neighbors
关联数组
关联数组,它的每个 ID 键都关联一个值。
在存储有关具体命名的值的数据时,使用数值数组不是最好的做法。
通过关联数组,我们可以把值作为键,并向它们赋值。
例子 1
在本例中,我们使用一个数组把年龄分配给不同的人:
$ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Quagmire"=>30, "Joe"=>34);
例子 2
本例与例子 1 相同,不过展示了另一种创建数组的方法:
$ages['Peter'] = "32";$ages['Quagmire'] = "30";$ages['Joe'] = "34";
可以在脚本中使用 ID 键:
以上脚本的输出:
Peter is 32 years old.
多维数组
在多维数组中,主数组中的每个元素也是一个数组。在子数组中的每个元素也可以是数组,以此类推。
例子 1
在本例中,我们创建了一个带有自动分配的 ID 键的多维数组:
$families = array( "Griffin"=>array ( "Peter", "Lois", "Megan" ), "Quagmire"=>array ( "Glenn" ), "Brown"=>array ( "Cleveland", "Loretta", "Junior" ));
如果输出这个数组的话,应该类似这样:
Array([Griffin] => Array ( [0] => Peter [1] => Lois [2] => Megan )[Quagmire] => Array ( [0] => Glenn )[Brown] => Array ( [0] => Cleveland [1] => Loretta [2] => Junior ))
例子 2
让我们试着显示上面的数组中的一个单一的值:
echo "Is " . $families['Griffin'][2] . " a part of the Griffin family?";
以上代码的输出:
Is Megan a part of the Griffin family?

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