Home php教程 php手册 剖析使用PHP shell脚本

剖析使用PHP shell脚本

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:05 AM
php shell one time learn use Analyze develop publish Multi-user I Script

PHP经过长时间的发展,很多用户都很了解PHP了,这里我发表一下个人理解,和大家讨论讨论。大多数情况下,我使用 exec() 命令和数据数组处理所有东西。或者对更简单的命令使用 shell_exec(),尤其是不关心结果时。如果仅需返回一个 PHP shell脚本,我就使用 passthru()。通常,我在不同的场合中使用不同的函数,并且有时它们是可以互换的。

这完全取决于我的心情和要实现的目的。您可能提问的另一个问题是 “它们的长处是什么?”。如果您没有头绪,或者一个项目非常适合使用 shell 命令,但不知道如何使用,那么我在这里提供一些见解。如果您正在编写一个提供各种备份或文件传输功能的应用程序,您可以选择使用 shell_exec() 或这里提供的其他命令之一运行 rsync 支持的 PHP shell脚本。您可以编写 PHP shell脚本使其包含必要的 rsync 命令,然后使用 passthru() 根据用户的命令或 cron 作业执行它。

例如,一位用户在您的应用程序中有适当的权限(比如管理员权限),他想将 50 个 PDF 文件从一个服务器发送到另一个服务器。那么,该用户需要在应用程序中导航到正确的位置,单击 Transfer,选择需要发送的 PDF,然后单击 Submit。在这个过程中,该表单应该有一个 PHP 脚本,它使用返回选项变量通过 passthru() 运行 rsync 脚本,这样您就知道是否发生问题,如下所示。

清单 1. 通过 passthru() 运行 rsync 脚本的示例 PHP 脚本

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span><span> </span></span></li>
<li class=""><span>passthru('xfer_rsync.sh',$returnvalue);  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> </span></li>
<li class=""><span>if ($returnvalue != 0){  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>//we have a problem!  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>//add error code here  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>}else{  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>//we are okay  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>//redirect to some other page  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>}  </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><span class="tag">?></span><span> </span>
</li>
</ol>
Copy after login

如果您的应用程序需要列出进程或文件,或关于这些进程或文件的数据,您可以使用本文总结的命令之一轻松实现这个目的。例如,一个简单的 grep 命令能够帮助您找到匹配特定搜索条件的文件。将它与 exec() 命令一起使用可以将结果保存到一个数组中,这允许您构建一个 HTML 表或表单,它们又进一步允许您运行其他命令。

到目前为止,我讨论了用户生成的事件 —— 用户只要按下按钮或单击链接,PHP 就运行相应的脚本。您还可以将独立的 PHP 脚本和 cron 或其他日程安排程序一起使用,从而实现一些有趣的效果。例如,如果您一个备份脚本,您可以通过 cron 运行它,或者将它打包到 PHP 脚本后在运行。为什么要这样做?这似乎是多余的,不是吗?不是这样的 —— 您需要这样考虑,您可以通过 exec() 或 passthru() 运行备份脚本,然后根据返回代码执行一些行为。如果出现错误,您可以将其记录到错误日志或数据库中,或发送一封警告电子邮件。如果脚本成功,您可以将原始的输出转储到数据库(例如,rsync 有一个详尽(verbose)模式,对随后诊断问题十分有用)。

安全

我们在这里简要讨论一下安全性:如果您接受用户输入并将信息传递到 shell,那么最好过滤用户输入。删除您认为有害的命令和不允许的内容,比如 sudo(作为超级用户运行)或 rm(删除)。事实上,您可能不希望用户发送开放的请求,而是让他们从列表中选择。

例如,您运行一个接受文件列表作为参数的传输程序,您应该通过一系列复选框列出所有文件。用户可以选择和取消选择文件,并通过单击 Submit 激活 rsync shell 脚本。用户不能自己输入文件或使用正则表达式。


Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
1 months ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles