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应用PHP标签模板实现什么任务

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:10 AM
php What Task use exist accomplish right application develop us technology Label template of program

我们在对

1、模板的由来

在没有模板技术之前,使用PHP开发程序,通常都是php代码和html混编在一起。比如说新闻列表,很可能就是一个newslist.php页面,结构如下:

  1.  ?   
  2. //从数据库中读取出要显示的新闻记录   
  3. ?>   
  4.  html>   
  5.  head>……..   
  6.  /head>   
  7.  body>   
  8.  ?   
  9. While ($news = mysql
    _fetch_array
    ($result)) {   
  10. ?>   
  11.  !--输出新闻标题 -- >   
  12.  ?   
  13. }   
  14. ?>   
  15.  /body>   
  16.  /html>   

那么这样有什么问题呢?首先,不利于分工合作。一般来说,都会由程序员来写代码,美工人员设计页面。那么在这种方式中,程序员必须等待美工人员把界面设计 好才能开始工作。也就是说程序员和美工的工作是不能同步的。其次、不利于维护,可维护性差。比如说程序固定后,要修改界面,那么必须由美工修改后,程序员 再重新添加。最后,程序结构混乱,可读性差。HTML和PHP混编在一起,一旦程序一多,就会变的非常的凌乱。

理解模板原理——使用PHP标签模板

模板技术正是为了解决这些问题而出现的,为了解决这些问题,最早出现的是使用PHP标签模板。
首先,我们要明白模板的目的是什么。模板主要要实现几个任务呢?

第一、美工和程序的分离。更确切的说法是获取数据和显示数据的分离。

第二、分工。良好的分工合作。

比如说新闻列表,如果使用PHP标签模板,我们就可以把新闻列表的操作分成两部分:

1、 getnews.php 负责从数据库中读取数据到数组$news中,不关心$news是如何显示的。
2、 Shownews.php 负责把$news数组输出成HTML页面。而它不需要理会$news是从哪里来的。

好,这样,我们就实现了美工和程序的分离,达到了我们的初步目的,但是如何把这两个页面联合起来,并实现listnews.php的功能呢?

这就需要另外一个页面listnews.php,来负责把“美工(显示数据)”和“程序员(获取数据)”连接起来。应该说这个页面就是很简单了。

假设getnews.php的代码如下:

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><span> ?   </span></span></span></li>
<li>
<span>$</span><span class="attribute">news</span><span> =“新闻列表”;</span>
</li>
<li><span>//实际中应该是从数据库中读取出来的。   </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span class="tag">?></span><span>   </span>
</li>
<li><span>Shownesw.php的代码如下:   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span class="tag"><span> </span><span class="tag-name">html</span><span class="tag">></span><span>   </span></span></li>
<li><span class="tag"><span> </span><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">></span><span>   </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span class="tag"><span> </span><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">></span><span>显示新闻</span><span class="tag"><span> /title</span><span class="tag">></span><span>   </span></span></span></li>
<li><span class="tag"><span> /head</span><span class="tag">></span><span>   </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span class="tag"><span> </span><span class="tag-name">body</span><span class="tag">></span><span>   </span></span></li>
<li><span class="tag"><span> ?=$news</span><span class="tag">?></span><span>   </span></span></li>
<li class="alt"><span class="tag"><span> /body</span><span class="tag">></span><span>   </span></span></li>
<li><span class="tag"><span> /html</span><span class="tag">></span><span>   </span></span></li>
</ol>
Copy after login

那么,这个联合页面listnews.php的代码就很简单了
 

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><span> ?   </span></span></span></li>
<li><span>Include(‘getnews.php');</span></li>
<li><span>//获取数据   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>Include(‘shownesw.php');</span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>//显示数据   </span></li>
<li>
<span class="tag">?></span><span>   </span>
</li>
</ol>
Copy after login

总结

使用PHP标签模板系统,能够很好的实现美工和程序的分离,同时方便程序员和美工人员的分工合作,比如在上面的例子中shownews.php由美工人 员来维护,getnews.php由程序人员来维护。而listnews.php就可以由系统设计人员来维护了。当然这中间需要增加一些约定的文档。

事实上,这个简单的例子也说明了最基本的MVC模型。其中M,模型,也就是负责读取数据,相当于我们的getnews.php。V,就是试图,用来显示数据,也就对应了shownews.php。最后是控制器C,对应我们的listnews.php


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