PHP技术 Session的散列及过期回收
Session,在计算机中,尤其是在网络应用中,称为“会话”。
一台服务器流量比较大,因为程序的需要,session的过期时间设置的是3小时,导致/tmp下堆积了近20万的session文件。进而导致内核占用的cpu急剧上升。因为session的读写涉及到大量小文件的随机读写,并且是集中在一个目录下,iowait也急剧升高。
首先考虑将session放入内存中
最简单的办法莫过于将/tmp挂载为 tmpfs文件系统,也就是内存中
第二步,将session存储到不通的目录中
php本身支持session的多级散列
在php.ini中,将
<ol class="dp-c"><li class="alt"><span><span>session.save_path = /tmp; </span></span></li></ol>
改为
<ol class="dp-c"><li class="alt"><span><span>session.save_path = </span><span class="string">"2;/tmp/session"</span><span> </span></span></li></ol>
表示将session存储到 /tmp/session这个文件夹中,并且是用2及散列。
保存退出,等第三步结束后重启php
第三步,创建session存储文件夹
php并不会自动去创建这些文件夹,不过在源文件中提供了一些创建文件夹的脚本。下面这个脚本也好用
<ol class="dp-c"> <li class="alt"><span><span>I=</span><span class="string">"0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f"</span><span> </span></span></li> <li> <span class="keyword">for</span><span> acm in </span><span class="vars">$I</span><span>; </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span class="keyword">do</span><span> </span> </li> <li> <span class="keyword">for</span><span> x in </span><span class="vars">$I</span><span>; </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span class="keyword">do</span><span> </span> </li> <li> <span class="func">mkdir</span><span> -p /tmp/session/</span><span class="vars">$acm</span><span>/</span><span class="vars">$x</span><span>; </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>done; </span></li> <li><span>done </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span class="func">chown</span><span> -R nobody:nobody /tmp/session </span> </li> <li> <span class="func">chmod</span><span> -R 1777 /tmp/session </span> </li> </ol>
因为/tmp是用的内存,服务器重启后,里面的所有文件都会丢失,所以,需要把上面的脚本加入到 /etc/rc.local中,并且要放在启动php之前
第四步,session的回收
session在经过session.gc_maxlifetime后会过期,但并不会马上被删除,时间长了以后会造成/tmp空间占用很大。具体的删除算法懒得去研究。下面这个命令可以删除过期的session,我这里定义的过期时间是3小时。
<ol class="dp-c"><li class="alt"><span><span>find /tmp/session -amin +180 -</span><span class="func">exec</span><span> rm -rf {} ; </span></span></li></ol>
放入cron中,10分钟执行一次,完事。
本文分四步介绍了Session的散列以及过期回收,希望对你有帮助。

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