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PHP isset()函数与empty()函数区别

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:18 AM
empty isset php and for function judgment the difference variable set up

empty 判断一个变量是否为“空”,isset 判断一个变量是否已经设置。正是这种所谓的“顾名思义”,令我开始时走了些弯路:当一个变量值等于0时,empty()也会成立(True)  

empty 判断一个变量是否为“空”,isset 判断一个变量是否已经设置。正是这种所谓的“顾名思义”,令我开始时走了些弯路:当一个变量值等于0时,empty()也会成立(true),因而会发生一些意外。原来,empty 和 isset 虽然都是变量处理函数,它们都用来判断变量是否已经配置,它们却是有一定的区别:empty还会检测变量是否为空、为零。当一个变量值为0,empty 认为这个变量同等于空,即相当于没有设置。
比如检测 $id 变量,当 $id=0 时,用empty 和 isset 来检测变量 $id 是否已经配置,两都将返回不同的值—— empty 认为没有配置,isset 能够取得 $id 的值:

   $id=0;
   empty($id)?print "it's empty .":print "it's $id .";
     //结果:it's empty .
   print "
";
   !isset($id)?print "it's empty .":print "it's $id .";
     //结果:it's 0 .

这意味着,我们在使用变量处理函数时,当该变量可能出现0的值,使用 empty 要小心,这个时候用 isset 取代它更明智一些。

当一个php教程页面的 url 尾部参数出现 id=0 时(比如:test.php?id=0),试比较:

   if(empty($id)) $id=1; - 若 id=0 ,id 也会为1
   if(!isset($id)) $id=1; - 若 id=0 ,id 不会为1

可分开运行以下代码检测上述推断:

   if(empty($id)) $id=1;
   print $id; // 得到 1

   if(!isset($id)) $id=1;
   print $id; //得到 0


看个实例


$var = 0;
// 结果为 true,因为 $var 为空
if (empty($var)) {
echo '$var is either 0 or not set at all';
}
// 结果为 false,因为 $var 已设置
if (!isset($var)) {
echo '$var is not set at all';
}
?>


由于这是一个语言结构而非函数,因此它无法被变量函数调用。
注: empty() 只检测变量,检测任何非变量的东西都将导致解析错误。换句话说,后边的语句将不会起作用: empty(addslashes($name))。
下面是经过脚本之家测试过的一段isset与empty函数详细例子的代码,看完这个基本上就差不多了

error_reporting(e_all);
echo '未定义$var
';
echo "isset测试:
";
if ( isset ( $var ))
{
echo '变量$var存在!
' ;
}
echo "empty测试:
";
if ( empty ( $var )){
echo '变量$var的值为空
';
}
else
{
echo '变量$var的值不为空
';
}
echo "变量直接测试:
";
if ( $var ){
echo '变量$var存在!
';
}
else {
echo '变量$var不存在!
';
}
echo '----------------------------------
';
echo '$var = ''
';
echo "isset测试:
";
$var = '';
if ( isset ( $var ))
{
echo '变量$var存在!
' ;
}
echo "empty测试:
";
if ( empty ( $var )){
echo '变量$var的值为空
';
}
else
{
echo '变量$var的值不为空
';
}
echo "变量直接测试:
";
if ( $var ){
echo '变量$var存在!
';
}
else {
echo '变量$var不存在!
';
}
echo '----------------------------------
';
echo '$var = 0
';
echo 'isset测试:
';
$var = 0 ;
if ( isset ( $var ))
{
echo '变量$var存在!
' ;
}
echo "empty测试:
";
if ( empty ( $var )){
echo '变量$var的值为空
';
}
else
{
echo '变量$var的值不为空
';
}
echo "变量直接测试:
";
if ( $var ){
echo '变量$var存在!
';
}
else {
echo '变量$var不存在!
';
}
echo '----------------------------------
';
echo '$var = null
';
echo 'isset测试:
';
$var = null ;
if ( isset ( $var ))
{
echo '变量$var存在!
' ;
}
echo "empty测试:
";
if ( empty ( $var )){
echo '变量$var的值为空
';
}
else
{
echo '变量$var的值不为空
';
}
echo "变量直接测试:
";
if ( $var ){
echo '变量$var存在!
';
}
else {
echo '变量$var不存在!
';
}
echo '----------------------------------
';

echo '$var ="php"
';
echo 'isset测试:
';
$var = "php";
if ( isset ( $var ))
{
echo '变量$var存在!
' ;
}

echo "empty测试:
";
if ( empty ( $var )){
echo '变量$var的值为空
';
}
else
{
echo '变量$var的值不为空
';
}
echo "变量直接测试:
";
if ( $var ){
echo '变量$var存在!
';
}
else {
echo '变量$var不存在!
';
}
?>


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