在 php 中使用 sockets:从新闻组中获取文章
PHP能打开远程或本地主机上的Socket端口。本文是一个使用Socket的小例子:连
接到一个Usenet新闻组服务器,同服务器对话,从新闻组中下载一些文章。
在php中打开一个socket
使用fsockopen()打开一个socket.这个函数在php3和php4种都可以使用。函数声明
是这样的:
int fsockopen (string hostname, int port [, int errno [, string errstr [, double timeout]]])
这个函数将打开一个连接到主机hostname的port端口的TCP连接。hostname可以是一
个有效的域名,或者是一个ip地址。对于udp连接,你必须指定协议:udp://hostname.
对于unix域,主机名使用到socket的路径,这种情况下,端口port必须置为0。可选
的timeout参数用来设定等待打开一个socket的时间,单位为秒。
关于fsockopen()的更多信息,请参考:h
ttp://www.php.net/manual/function.fsockopen.php
网络新闻传输协议
访问新闻组服务器需要通过称为NNTP(网络新闻传输协议)的协议来进行。这个协议
在rfc977中有详细的细节,可以在http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc977/rfc977.html
得到。这个文档分别描述了怎样连接到NNTP服务器,怎样同服务器对话,以及完成这
些任务的不同命令。
连接
连接到一个NNTP服务器需要知道它的主机名(或者是ip地址)和它侦听的端口。为了
避免一个连接企图失败导致程序挂起,你应该使用timeout参数。
$cfgServer = "your.news.host";
$cfgPort = 119;
$cfgTimeOut = 10;
//open a socket
if(!$cfgTimeOut)
// without timeout
$usenet_handle = fsockopen($cfgServer, $cfgPort);
else
// with timeout
$usenet_handle = fsockopen($cfgServer, $cfgPort, &$errno, &$errstr, $cfgTimeOut);
if(!$usenet_handle) {
echo "Connection failed.";
exit();
}
else {
echo "Connected.";
$tmp = fgets($usenet_handle, 1024);
}
?>
与服务器对话
现在我们已经连接到了服务器,可以通过前面打开的socket同服务器对话了。比如
说我们要从某个新闻组得到最近的10篇文章。RFC977指出,第一步要用GROUP命令选择
正确的新闻组:
GROUP ggg

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