Home php教程 php手册 web上存漏洞及原理分析、防范方法(文件名检测漏洞)

web上存漏洞及原理分析、防范方法(文件名检测漏洞)

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:32 AM
web superior point analyze principle us file name method Detection loopholes pass precaution

我们通过前篇:,已经知道后端获取服务器变量,很多来自客户端传入的。跟普通的get,post没有什么不同。下面我们看看,常见出现漏洞代码。
1、检测文件类型,并且用用户上存文件名保存

复制代码 代码如下:
if(isset($_FILES['img']))
{
$file = save_file($_FILES['img']);
if($file===false) exit('上存失败!');

echo "上存成功!",$file;
}
function check_file($img)
{
///读取文件
if($img['error']>0) return false;

$tmpfile = $img['tmp_name'];
$filename = $img['name'];


///读取文件扩展名
$len=strrpos($filename,".");
if($len===false) return false;

//得到扩展名
$ext = strtolower(substr($filename,$len+1));
if(!in_array($ext,array('jpg','jpeg','png'))) return false;
return true;
}
function save_file($img)
{
if(!check_file($img)) return false;

//格式检测ok,准备移动数据
$filename = $img['name'];
$newfile = "upload/" .$filename;
if(!move_uploaded_file($img["tmp_name"],$newfile)) return false;

return $newfile;
}
?>


以 上代码,对输入类型也做了判断,看了没有问题。但是问题,确恰恰出现在对获取的用户名变量检测上面。直接获取传入用户名,然后存为文件。 有朋友会说:这些文件名都是我电脑里面存在的,文件名格式都受限于操作系统对文件名定义。 但是,需要注意是,对于$_FILES里面获取变量,是直接来自http request请求。它跟普通获取其它get,post变量一样。 因此,别有用心的人,往往会自己模拟浏览器,给服务器发送一个特殊文件名。然后,让存文件时候,能够正常保存为自己格式。

前些年,”” 在字符串中,保存为文件,会自动截断后面内容。 如:$filename 构造为:”a.php.jpg” ,我们想想,将会变成怎么样?
$newfile = “upload/a.php.jpg” 因为,对扩展名验证,最右边”.”后面字符是jpg ,是允许图片格式。 但是,我们一以该文件名,保存。 发现磁盘会在upload目录下面生成a.php ,后面所有字符,被自动截断。

该漏洞,风靡一时。当时几乎大多数上存网站都有漏洞。一时,很多平台关闭了上存。其实,根本原因就在此。我们拿到文件名,自己作为最终生成文件名保存了。 好的方法,是自己随机生成文件名+读取扩展名 。这样可以组织输入特殊字符,在进行文件保存时候,被抛弃或截断了。

php4时代这个漏洞可以利用,到php5时代,生成的变量文件名值中,会自动过滤掉”” ,这样无论用户构造怎么样的特殊””用户名,都会被截断。 但是 ,目前这类漏洞,在asp,jsp 等站点。还经常有出现。老版本的php站点也会经常出现。
好了,今天先到这里,后面还有2种其它常见方法,后面给出!欢迎交流!

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