Home php教程 php手册 UTF8文件的签名问题及解决方法

UTF8文件的签名问题及解决方法

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:38 AM
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在我们保存UTF8文本文件的时候,可以选择带签名,或者不带签名。也就是 有BOM 格式编码,或者 无BOM格式编码。如果看文件的内容,是看不出任何差别的,以下列文件(schema.sqlite.sql)内容为例:

CREATE TABLE guestbook (
id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
email VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'noemail@test.com',
comment TEXT NULL,
created DATETIME NOT NULL
);

CREATE INDEX "id" ON "guestbook" ("id");

如果不带签名,则文件的大小为232字节,如果带签名,则文件大小为235字节。

UTF8签名有3个字节(内容为:EFBBBF),是专门用来告诉软件:该文件是UTF8编码的。

在一般情况下,有无签名不会带来问题,因为编辑器或者其他软件可以按照文本的内容来推断出是否是UTF8。

但有些时候还是会导致问题,比如上诉文件。该文件是sql语句文件,程序恰好要通过以下语句(php)来执行该sql:

$schemaSql = file_get_contents(dirname(__FILE__) . '/schema.sqlite.sql');

$dbAdapter->getConnection()->exec($schemaSql);

在这种情况下,带有签名的文件就会导致问题了,因为“UTF8签名用的三个字节”其实是位于文件的最前面。所以导致了上面的语句无法成功运行。

解决的办法也很简单,去掉该文件UTF8签名即可。

当然,上面文件的内容其实都是单字节的,是没有必要保存为UTF8编码的。

补充:全部是单字节内容的文件除非加了UTF8签名,不然再次打开文件时,还是系统的默认编码而已。

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