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首秀啊!-----PHP代码规范
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构建知识体系之一-PHP代码规范

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:50 AM
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构建知识体系之一--PHP代码规范

首秀啊!-----PHP代码规范

之前的博客“构建知识体系“中,提到了很多细节性的问题,接下来就以上个博客为纲,细细的讨论一下:

每个人,每个公司的规范可能不同,我只说一下自己的规范哈!

提高代码的可读性:

  1. 给代码加注释,读一份没有注释的代码,就像是唐僧西天取经,不经历九九八十一难,你就是看不懂!
  2. 给代码加空行,善于利用空行的代码就像是有节奏感的音乐,多一行太多,少一行太少!
  3. 30秒法则:其他的程序员完全理解你的成员函数代码,不超过30秒,否则,这份代码就比较难以维护
  4. 一行代码不要超过120个字符,否则换行缩进,一个函数最好在一个屏幕的大小内显示,最长不超过三个屏幕
  5. 一行代码只做一件事,同理一个函数也只负责一个功能。
  6. 循环比较大的时候不要使用$i这样的,起个有意义的名字
  7. while,if,else嵌套不要超过三层,要不30秒怎么读的懂?
  8. 一个函数最少的注释应该有作用、所有参数、所有返回值,最好注释上作者(追究责任大笑
  9. 所有的缩进均为4个空格而非tab,所有的换行符均为unix换行符,为保证100%正确可以开启IDE的显示空白和不可见字符的功能


提升代码效率和健壮:

  1. 如未使用DB类的公共处理,则SQL语句查询前,应使用mysql_escape_string对查询串进行转义
  2. 在第一个引入的文件中定义好包含绝对路径的常量,其他引入的文件路径都常量开始
  3. 所有的类常量、静态变量、成员变量都应该提前申明,在申明的地方注释说明其用途,并将其值初始化为一个安全值
  4. 如未使用DB类的公共处理,则SQL语句查询前,应使用mysql_escape_string对查询串进行转义
  5. 调用外部接口和函数,要放在try/catch块中,也要检查返回值, 做足够健壮的错误处理,记录日志
  6. PHP文件尾部不闭合避免PHP标签避免输出多余的空行!!!


命名规则:

  1. 命名要有意义,有注释,其他程序员读的时候,一眼就能看懂,读懂,记住
  2. 所有不区分大小写的PHP关键字均使用小写,例如:true false null break等等
  3. 所有的变量、类成员变量、函数名、类成员函数名均采用驼峰式命名规范
  4. 所有的常量、类常量、静态变量等全部使用大写字母,下划线分割单词
  5. private和protected属性的类静态变量、类成员变量和类成员函数名在原有命名规范的基础上以下划线开头
  6. 文件名由字母、数字和下划线组成,首字符必须为字母,如果文件是一个类,则文件名应该为"类class.php",如"DBConfig.class.php",否则文件名全部为小写,多个单词下划线分隔,如"post_list.php"
  7. 类名称采用帕斯卡命名规则,即所有单词首字母大写,括号跟在类名后边间隔一个空格
  8. 类常量全部大写,用下划线分隔单词


争论性

  1. 所有的"{"左大括号都以空格紧跟前文,不能独立成为一行
  2. 对于关联数组,我们鼓励将代码分成多行,缩进每一行的KEY以对齐,"=>"左右

有很多没有写的,希望多多建议啊,让我们代码越来越规范再见

---本规范参照福州车友网络科技有限公司代码规范

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