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基于PHP字符串的比较函数strcmp()与strcasecmp()的使用详解

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:52 AM
php strcmp and use function judgment based on string Compare of Detailed explanation

使用“===”来判断,至于它和“==”的区别,简单来说就是前者强调“identical(相同的,完全相同)”类型也要求一样;后者要求“equal(相等)”,值相同就可以了。或者使用strcmp来判断,但是这个能够告诉你两个字符串是否相等,但是无法告诉你在哪里不同。

一般能用 !=, == 比较两个对象是否相等,之所以说是两个对象,是因为他们不一定全部为字符串,也能为整型等等。比如

复制代码 代码如下:


$a = "joe";
$b = "jerry";
if ($a != $b)
{
    echo "不相等";
}
else
{
    echo "相等";
}


如果用  !== , === 比较的话,两个对象的类型要严格相等才能返回true;否则用==,!=则会将字符串自动转换成相应的类型,以便进行比较.

复制代码 代码如下:


22 == "22"; // 返回 true
22 === "22"; // 返回falsePHP 用于字符串比较的函数:strcmp(),strcasecmp(),strncasecmp(), strncmp(),他们都是 如果前者比后者大,则返回大于0 的整数;如果前者比后者小,则返回小于0 的整数;如果两者相等,则返回0.

1)strcmp是用于 区分大小写 (即大小写敏感)的字符串比较:
2)echo strcmp("abcdd", "abcde"); // 返回 1 (>0), 比较的是 "b"和"b"
3)strcasecmp用于不区分大小写的字符串比较:
4)echo strcasecmp("abcdd", "abcde"); // 返回 -1 (strncmp用于比较字符串的一部分,从字符串的开头开始比较,第三个参数,为要比较的长度:
echo strncmp("abcdd", "abcde", 3); // 返回 1 (>0), 比较了 abc 和 abc
strncasecmp用于不区分大小写的比较字符串的一部分,从字符串的开头开始比较,第三个参数,为要比较的长度:
echo strncasecmp("abcdd", "abcde", 3); // 返回 0, 比较了 abc 和 abc, 由于不区分大小写,所以两者是相同的。
更有一种情况是单单比较字符串大小,达不到我们预定的需求,比如照常理 10.gif 会比 5.gif 大,但如果应用上面几个函数,就会返回 -1,即表示 10.gif比5.gif,针对这种情况,php提供了两个自然对比的函数strnatcmp,strnatcasecmp:
echo strnatcmp("10.gif", "5.gif"); // 返回 1 (>0)
echo strnatcasecmp("10.gif", "5.gif"); // 返回 1 (>0)

 

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