soap是什么

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:56 AM
soap

soap是什么

soap是什么

soap(简单对象访问协议)是交换数据的一种协议规范,是一种轻量的、简单的、基于XML(标准通用标记语言下的一个子集)的协议,它被设计成在WEB上交换结构化的和固化的信息。

相关定义

  • 基于类对象的传输协议。

  • SOAP封装(envelop),它定义了一个框架,描述消息中的内容是什么,是谁发送的,谁应当接受并处理它以及如何处理它们;

  • SOAP编码规则(encoding rules),它定义了一种序列化机制,用于表示应用程序需要使用的数据类型的实例;

  • SOAP RPC表示(RPC representation),它定了一个协定,用于表示远程过程调用和应答;

  • SOAP绑定(binding),它定义了SOAP使用哪种协议交换信息。使用HTTP/TCP/UDP协议都可以。

把SOAP绑定到HTTP提供了同时利用SOAP的样式和分散的灵活性的特点以及HTTP的丰富的特征库的优点。在HTTP上传送SOAP并不是说SOAP会覆盖现有的HTTP语义,而是HTTP上的SOAP语义会自然的映射到HTTP语义。在使用HTTP作为协议绑定的场合中,RPC请求映射到HTTP请求上,而RPC应答映射到HTTP应答。然而,在RPC上使用SOAP并不仅限于HTTP协议绑定。

webService三要素

SOAP、WSDL(WebServicesDescriptionLanguage)、UDDI(UniversalDescriptionDiscovery andIntegration)之一, soap用来描述传递信息的格式, WSDL 用来描述如何访问具体的接口, uddi用来管理,分发,查询webService 。

具体实现可以搜索 Web Services简单实例 ; SOAP 可以和现存的许多因特网协议和格式结合使用,包括超文本传输协议(HTTP),简单邮件传输协议(SMTP),多用途网际邮件扩充协议(MIME)。

它还支持从消息系统到远程过程调用(RPC)等大量的应用程序。SOAP使用基于XML的数据结构和超文本传输协议(HTTP)的组合定义了一个标准的方法来使用Internet上各种不同操作环境中的分布式对象。

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