PHP中使用unset销毁变量并内存释放问题
复制代码 代码如下:
for ( $i = 1; $i $str = str_repeat('01234567', $i);
$a = memory_get_usage();
unset($str);
$b = memory_get_usage();
echo "\n
".$i.': '.($b - $a).' Bytes.';
}
从结果看出:
8 x 32 = 256 在256字节长的时候才真正有必要释放内存,有些人说,不如直接$str = null来的速度快。
结果如下:
1: 0 Bytes.
2: 0 Bytes.
3: 0 Bytes.
4: 0 Bytes.
5: 0 Bytes.
6: 0 Bytes.
7: 0 Bytes.
8: 0 Bytes.
9: 0 Bytes.
10: 0 Bytes.
11: 0 Bytes.
12: 0 Bytes.
13: 0 Bytes.
14: 0 Bytes.
15: 0 Bytes.
16: 0 Bytes.
17: 0 Bytes.
18: 0 Bytes.
19: 0 Bytes.
20: 0 Bytes.
21: 0 Bytes.
22: 0 Bytes.
23: 0 Bytes.
24: 0 Bytes.
25: 0 Bytes.
26: 0 Bytes.
27: 0 Bytes.
28: 0 Bytes.
29: 0 Bytes.
30: 0 Bytes.
31: 0 Bytes.
32: -272 Bytes.
33: -280 Bytes.
34: -288 Bytes.
35: -296 Bytes.
36: -304 Bytes.
37: -312 Bytes.
38: -320 Bytes.
39: -328 Bytes.
40: -336 Bytes.
41: -344 Bytes.
42: -352 Bytes.
43: -360 Bytes.
44: -368 Bytes.
45: -376 Bytes.
46: -384 Bytes.
47: -392 Bytes.
48: -400 Bytes.
49: -408 Bytes.
50: -416 Bytes.
51: -424 Bytes.
52: -432 Bytes.
53: -440 Bytes.
54: -448 Bytes.
55: -456 Bytes.
56: -464 Bytes.
57: -472 Bytes.
58: -480 Bytes.
59: -488 Bytes.
60: -496 Bytes.
61: -504 Bytes.
62: -512 Bytes.
63: -520 Bytes.
64: -528 Bytes.
65: -536 Bytes.
66: -544 Bytes.
67: -552 Bytes.
68: -560 Bytes.
69: -568 Bytes.
70: -576 Bytes.
71: -584 Bytes.
72: -592 Bytes.
73: -600 Bytes.
74: -608 Bytes.
75: -616 Bytes.
76: -624 Bytes.
77: -632 Bytes.
78: -640 Bytes.
79: -648 Bytes.
80: -656 Bytes.
81: -664 Bytes.
82: -672 Bytes.
83: -680 Bytes.
84: -688 Bytes.
85: -696 Bytes.
86: -704 Bytes.
87: -712 Bytes.
88: -720 Bytes.
89: -728 Bytes.
90: -736 Bytes.
91: -744 Bytes.
92: -752 Bytes.
93: -760 Bytes.
94: -768 Bytes.
95: -776 Bytes.
96: -784 Bytes.
97: -792 Bytes.
98: -800 Bytes.
99: -808 Bytes.
我们先看一个例子
复制代码 代码如下:
$s=str_repeat('1',255); //产生由255个1组成的字符串
$m=memory_get_usage(); //获取当前占用内存
unset($s);
$mm=memory_get_usage(); //unset()后再查看当前占用内存
echo $m-$mm;
?>
最后输出unset()之前占用内存减去unset()之后占用内存,如果是正数,那么说明unset($s)已经将$s从内存中销毁(或者说,unset()之后内存占用减少了),可是我在PHP5和windows平台下,得到的结果是:-48。这是否可以说明,unset($s)并没有起到销毁变量$s所占用内存的作用呢?我们再作下面的例子:
复制代码 代码如下:
$s=str_repeat('1',256); //产生由256个1组成的字符串
$m=memory_get_usage(); //获取当前占用内存
unset($s);
$mm=memory_get_usage(); //unset()后再查看当前占用内存
echo $m-$mm;
?>
这个例子,和上面的例子几乎相同,唯一的不同是,$s由256个1组成,即比第一个例子多了一个1,得到结果是:224。这是否可以说明,unset($s)已经将$s所占用的内存销毁了?
通过上面两个例子,我们可以得出以下结论:结论一、unset()函数只能在变量值占用内存空间超过256字节时才会释放内存空间。
那么是不是只要变量值超过256,使用unset就可以释放内存空间呢?我们再通过一个例子来测试一下:
复制代码 代码如下:
$s=str_repeat('1',256); //这和第二个例子完全相同
$p=&$s;
$m=memory_get_usage();
unset($s); //销毁$s
$mm=memory_get_usage();
echo $p.'
';
echo $m-$mm;
?>
'刷新页面,我们看到第一行有256个1,第二行是-48,按理说我们已经销毁了$s,而$p只是引用$s的变量,应该是没有内容了,另外,unset($s)后内存占用却比unset()前增加了!现在我们再做以下的例子:
复制代码 代码如下:
$s=str_repeat('1',256); //这和第二个例子完全相同
$p=&$s;
$m=memory_get_usage();
$s=null; //设置$s为null
$mm=memory_get_usage();
echo $p.'
';
echo $m-$mm;
?>
现在刷新页面,我们看到,输出$p已经是没有内容了,unset()前后内存占用量之差是224,即已经清除了变量占用的内存。本例中的$s=null也可以换成unset(),如下:
复制代码 代码如下:
$s=str_repeat('1',256); //这和第二个例子完全相同
$p=&$s;
$m=memory_get_usage();
unset($s); //销毁$s
unset($p);
$mm=memory_get_usage();
echo $p.'
';
echo $m-$mm;
?>
我们将$s和$p都使用unset()销毁,这时再看内存占用量之差也是224,说明这样也可以释放内存。那么,我们可以得到另外一条结论:结论二、只有当指向该变量的所有变量(如引用变量)都被销毁后,才会释放内存。
相信经过本文的例子后,大家应该对unset()有所了解了,最起码,本人用unset()也是为了在变量不起作用时,释放内存。

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