php依据URL获得网页内容
php根据URL获得网页内容
php 中根据url来获得网页内容非常的方便,可以通过系统内置函数file_get_contents(),传入url,即可返回网页的内容,比如获得百度首页的内容代码为:
<?php $html = file_get_contents('http://www.baidu.com/');echo $html;
就可以显示出百度首页的内容,但是,这个函数不是万能的,因为有些服务器会禁用掉这个函数,或者说这个函数因为没有传给服务器某些必要的参数,而被服务器拒绝响应,举个例子:
<?php $html = file_get_contents('http://www.163.com/');echo $html;
这个代码就不能得到网易的首页完全的代码,会返回如下的页面,这时我们就需要想其他的办法了。
这里我们引入php的cURL 库,可以简单和有效地去抓网页。你只需要运行一个脚本,然后分析一下你所抓取的网页,然后就可以以程序的方式得到你想要的数据了。无论是你想从从一个链接上取部分数据,或是取一个XML文件并把其导入数据库,那怕就是简单的获取网页内容,cURL 是一个功能强大的PHP库。使用它首先你得在php的配置文件中开启它,开启的时候,在windows中可能需要一些 dll,这里就不相信介绍了,查看是否开启了curl,可以调用phpinfo();来查看,如果开启了,会在“Loaded Extensions”中显示。
下面给出使用curl获取网页代码的简单例子:
<?php $ch = curl_init();$timeout = 10; // set to zero for no timeoutcurl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_URL,'http://www.163.com/');curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); <span style="color:#990000;">curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36');curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, $timeout);$html = curl_exec($ch);echo $html;
通过这段代码就可以输出网易首页的内容了,这里标记红颜色的代码是关键,因为他模拟了浏览器的agent,这样服务器就会以为它是浏览器去访问的,所以给他返回正确的html.

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