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新手学习PHP的一些基础知识分享

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:06 PM
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一,PHP脚本代码标记 
PHP的脚本是文件中一对特殊标记所包括的内容,如ASP是“”,PHP可看成是“...?>”。 
然而为了适应XML标准以将PHP嵌入到XML或XHTML中,PHP不建议使用短格式的“...?>”,而建议使用长格式标记“” 
此外PHP代码块还支持 <script>...</script>的标记形式。 

二,PHP指令分隔符 
PHP的每条语句需要由分号“;”隔开,但对于PHP结束标记“?>”来说,因其自动隐含一个分号,所以不需要追加分号。 
所以,一个PHP脚本的格式可如下: 

三,PHP的注释 
PHP多行注释使用 “/* ......... */” 
单行注释使用“#”或“//” 

四,PHP的输出 
ASP中使用“”快速输出单行,或使用“”  
在PHP中直接使用“echo()”或“print()”,比如: 
将输出为“abcd”,以上四种均能正常输出。 
但这在ASP中,尤其是 echo "a";和 echo d; 均输出为字符串本身,是不可能的。这就需要了解到PHP的变量定义。 

五,PHP的变量 
和ASP一样,PHP变量也可以不需要先定义,直接使用即可。对于变量的类型,在赋值时自动生成。 
PHP中的各种变量均在变量名前加上“$”以示区别。 
输入为“a123” 

六,PHP中的单引号和双引号之别 
输出为“123$a”,其中 echo "$a" 输出了变量a的值,而 echo '$a' 输出的是单引号中的字符串本身。 
则输出为“123'123'”并不是“123$a”。虽然是'$a',但置于双引号下变量还是被替换了。 
所以,可以得出:只要是双引号中内容中的变量,都会被替代;而单引号中的则不作任何替换。 
双引号中的内容需转义的,使用“\”前缀,比如“\\”,“\$”、“\"”。所以要输入“123$a”,则为 
再比如: 
输出为“123$a"\”。  

ASP转学PHP需要注意: 
1,分隔符逗号“;”容易忘记写。 
2,变量的定义和使用。 
3,单引号和双引号的用法。

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