YII 的源码分析(3)-PHP Tutorial-php.cn

YII 的源码分析(三)

前面已经看完了启动一个yii程序所要经过的流程，以及渲染一个页面是怎么完成的。今天要分析的是yii是如何处理用户请求的。也就是控制和动作部分。

还是以helloworld为例演示这一过程。我们在地址栏输入http://localhost/study/yii/demos/helloworld/index.php，页面就显示了hello world.

前面的分析都是用的默认值，但是如果url有参数的时候，yii又是怎么处理的呢？带着这个问题，我们具体来分析一下。

在CWebApplication中有这样一行代码:

<span style="color: #800080;">$route</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getUrlManager()->parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getRequest());

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这就是传说中的路由了，是不是有点小鸡冻呢？先看看getUrlManager是个神马。

    <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> getUrlManager()    {        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getComponent('urlManager'<span style="color: #000000;">);    }</span>

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这个又要通过找关系了.

    <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span> getComponent(<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$createIfNull</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff;">true</span><span style="color: #000000;">)    {        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span><span style="color: #000000;">]))            </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span><span style="color: #000000;">];        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elseif</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_componentConfig[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>]) && <span style="color: #800080;">$createIfNull</span><span style="color: #000000;">)        {            </span><span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_componentConfig[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span><span style="color: #000000;">];            </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(!<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>['enabled']) || <span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>['enabled'<span style="color: #000000;">])            {                Yii</span>::trace("Loading \"<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>\" application component",'system.CModule'<span style="color: #000000;">);                </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">unset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>['enabled'<span style="color: #000000;">]);                </span><span style="color: #800080;">$component</span>=Yii::createComponent(<span style="color: #800080;">$config</span><span style="color: #000000;">);                </span><span style="color: #800080;">$component</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">init();                </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>]=<span style="color: #800080;">$component</span><span style="color: #000000;">;            }        }    }</span>

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执行了return $this->_components[$id]; id就是传进去的urlManager,其实从这里也还看不出什么，直接找到urlManager这个类，看parseUrl：

    <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span> parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080;">$request</span><span style="color: #000000;">)    {        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getUrlFormat()===self::<span style="color: #000000;">PATH_FORMAT)        {            </span><span style="color: #800080;">$rawPathInfo</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$request</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">getPathInfo();            </span><span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->removeUrlSuffix(<span style="color: #800080;">$rawPathInfo</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">urlSuffix);            </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">foreach</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_rules <span style="color: #0000ff;">as</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$i</span>=><span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000;">)            {                </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #008080;">is_array</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000;">))                    </span><span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_rules[<span style="color: #800080;">$i</span>]=<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span>=Yii::createComponent(<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000;">);                </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>((<span style="color: #800080;">$r</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span>->parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$request</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$rawPathInfo</span>))!==<span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span><span style="color: #000000;">)                    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->routeVar]) ? <span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->routeVar] : <span style="color: #800080;">$r</span><span style="color: #000000;">;            }            </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">useStrictParsing)                </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> CHttpException(404,Yii::t('yii','Unable to resolve the request "{route}".',                    <span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span>('{route}'=><span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span><span style="color: #000000;">)));            </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span>                <span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span><span style="color: #000000;">;        }        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elseif</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar]))            </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar];        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elseif</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar]))            </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar];        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span>            <span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> ''<span style="color: #000000;">;    }</span>

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从上面的代码来看，如果我们不在url上传点东西，直接就return ''了。于是问题来了，参数要怎么传呢？

isset($_GET[$this-><span>routeVar]) <br><br></span>

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<span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$routeVar</span>='r';

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于是有办法了，让我们一起来使点坏吧。加上这样的一个参数helloworld/index.php?r=abc

发现报错了。说明abc这个控制器是不存在的，事实上也是不存在的，使点小坏坏而已，正所谓男人不坏，女人不爱。

改成helloworld/index.php?r=site就可以显示hello world了，这是什么鬼原理呢？原因很简单，因为定义了site控制器嘛。

<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span> SiteController <span style="color: #0000ff;">extends</span><span style="color: #000000;"> CController{    </span><span style="color: #008000;">/*</span><span style="color: #008000;">*     * Index action is the default action in a controller.     </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span>    <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actionIndex()    {        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> 'Hello World'<span style="color: #000000;">;    }</span><span style="color: #000000;">}</span>

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好吧，这个我没有意见，但是actionIndex又是神么鬼？在yii中，这称为动作。它捕获的是控制器后面的参数，如果我们输?r=site/index就是index,动作是用“/"进行分隔的，为了验正一下我说的不是骗女孩子的鬼话，我在site控制器里加一个动作给你看一下：

<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span> SiteController <span style="color: #0000ff;">extends</span><span style="color: #000000;"> CController{    </span><span style="color: #008000;">/*</span><span style="color: #008000;">*     * Index action is the default action in a controller.     </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span>    <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actionIndex()    {        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> 'Hello World'<span style="color: #000000;">;    }    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actionView()    {        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> 'Hello View'<span style="color: #000000;">;    }}</span>

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访问?r=site/view的时候，是不是看到输出'Hello View'了呢？肯定是的，虽然我读的书少，但是你骗不了我的，有图有真相：

我一点儿也不喜欢用site这个名字，test才是我的最爱，于是我又建了一个test控制器来尝试一下。

眼尖的一定看到怎么写了一个actions，这是什么鬼？我也是刚试了才知道，它其实是另一种表示方式。

我记得在blog那个例子中有用过，用来显示验证码：

    <span style="color: #008000;">/*</span><span style="color: #008000;">*     * Declares class-based actions.     </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span>    <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actions()    {        </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">(            </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> captcha action renders the CAPTCHA image displayed on the contact page</span>            'captcha'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">(                </span>'class'=>'CCaptchaAction',                'backColor'=>0xFFFFFF,<span style="color: #000000;">            )</span>,            <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> page action renders "static" pages stored under 'protected/views/site/pages'            // They can be accessed via: index.php?r=site/page&view=FileName</span>            'page'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">(                </span>'class'=>'CViewAction',<span style="color: #000000;">            )</span>,<span style="color: #000000;">        );    }</span>

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我把它理解为集中声明第三方业务的动作集合，因为本控制器内的动作，我觉得还是action+ID 的方式直接。

什么鬼？你说我用的是index.php/site/captcha 而不是index.php?r=site/captcha .这又得从配置文件说起。

        'urlManager'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">(            </span>'urlFormat'=>'path',            'rules'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">(                </span>'post/<id:>/<.><.><controller:><action:><controller><action><span style="color: #000000;"></span><span style="color: #000000;"></span></action></controller></action:></controller:></.></.></id:>

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