YII 的源码分析(3)
YII 的源码分析(三)
前面已经看完了启动一个yii程序所要经过的流程，以及渲染一个页面是怎么完成的。今天要分析的是yii是如何处理用户请求的。也就是控制和动作部分。
还是以helloworld为例演示这一过程。我们在地址栏输入http://localhost/study/yii/demos/helloworld/index.php，页面就显示了hello world.
前面的分析都是用的默认值，但是如果url有参数的时候，yii又是怎么处理的呢？带着这个问题，我们具体来分析一下。
在CWebApplication中有这样一行代码:
<span style="color: #800080;">$route</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getUrlManager()->parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getRequest());
这就是传说中的路由了，是不是有点小鸡冻呢？先看看getUrlManager是个神马。
<span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> getUrlManager() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getComponent('urlManager'<span style="color: #000000;">); }</span>这个又要通过找关系了.
<span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span> getComponent(<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$createIfNull</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff;">true</span><span style="color: #000000;">) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span><span style="color: #000000;">])) </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span><span style="color: #000000;">]; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elseif</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_componentConfig[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>]) && <span style="color: #800080;">$createIfNull</span><span style="color: #000000;">) { </span><span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_componentConfig[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span><span style="color: #000000;">]; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(!<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>['enabled']) || <span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>['enabled'<span style="color: #000000;">]) { Yii</span>::trace("Loading \"<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>\" application component",'system.CModule'<span style="color: #000000;">); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">unset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$config</span>['enabled'<span style="color: #000000;">]); </span><span style="color: #800080;">$component</span>=Yii::createComponent(<span style="color: #800080;">$config</span><span style="color: #000000;">); </span><span style="color: #800080;">$component</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">init(); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080;">$id</span>]=<span style="color: #800080;">$component</span><span style="color: #000000;">; } } }</span>执行了return $this->_components[$id]; id就是传进去的urlManager,其实从这里也还看不出什么，直接找到urlManager这个类，看parseUrl：
<span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span> parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080;">$request</span><span style="color: #000000;">) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->getUrlFormat()===self::<span style="color: #000000;">PATH_FORMAT) { </span><span style="color: #800080;">$rawPathInfo</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$request</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">getPathInfo(); </span><span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->removeUrlSuffix(<span style="color: #800080;">$rawPathInfo</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">urlSuffix); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">foreach</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_rules <span style="color: #0000ff;">as</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$i</span>=><span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000;">) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #008080;">is_array</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000;">)) </span><span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->_rules[<span style="color: #800080;">$i</span>]=<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span>=Yii::createComponent(<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000;">); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>((<span style="color: #800080;">$r</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$rule</span>->parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$request</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$rawPathInfo</span>))!==<span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span><span style="color: #000000;">) </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->routeVar]) ? <span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->routeVar] : <span style="color: #800080;">$r</span><span style="color: #000000;">; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">useStrictParsing) </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> CHttpException(404,Yii::t('yii','Unable to resolve the request "{route}".', <span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span>('{route}'=><span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span><span style="color: #000000;">))); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$pathInfo</span><span style="color: #000000;">; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elseif</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar])) </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$_GET</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar]; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">elseif</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar])) </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">routeVar]; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> ''<span style="color: #000000;">; }</span>从上面的代码来看，如果我们不在url上传点东西，直接就return ''了。于是问题来了，参数要怎么传呢？
isset($_GET[$this-><span>routeVar]) <br><br></span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$routeVar</span>='r';
于是有办法了，让我们一起来使点坏吧。加上这样的一个参数helloworld/index.php?r=abc
发现报错了。说明abc这个控制器是不存在的，事实上也是不存在的，使点小坏坏而已，正所谓男人不坏，女人不爱。
改成helloworld/index.php?r=site就可以显示hello world了，这是什么鬼原理呢？原因很简单，因为定义了site控制器嘛。
<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span> SiteController <span style="color: #0000ff;">extends</span><span style="color: #000000;"> CController{ </span><span style="color: #008000;">/*</span><span style="color: #008000;">* * Index action is the default action in a controller. </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actionIndex() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> 'Hello World'<span style="color: #000000;">; }</span><span style="color: #000000;">}</span>好吧，这个我没有意见，但是actionIndex又是神么鬼？在yii中，这称为动作。它捕获的是控制器后面的参数，如果我们输?r=site/index就是index,动作是用“/"进行分隔的，为了验正一下我说的不是骗女孩子的鬼话，我在site控制器里加一个动作给你看一下：
<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span> SiteController <span style="color: #0000ff;">extends</span><span style="color: #000000;"> CController{ </span><span style="color: #008000;">/*</span><span style="color: #008000;">* * Index action is the default action in a controller. </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actionIndex() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> 'Hello World'<span style="color: #000000;">; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actionView() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> 'Hello View'<span style="color: #000000;">; }}</span>访问?r=site/view的时候，是不是看到输出'Hello View'了呢？肯定是的，虽然我读的书少，但是你骗不了我的，有图有真相：
我一点儿也不喜欢用site这个名字，test才是我的最爱，于是我又建了一个test控制器来尝试一下。
眼尖的一定看到怎么写了一个actions，这是什么鬼？我也是刚试了才知道，它其实是另一种表示方式。
我记得在blog那个例子中有用过，用来显示验证码：
<span style="color: #008000;">/*</span><span style="color: #008000;">* * Declares class-based actions. </span><span style="color: #008000;">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> actions() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">( </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> captcha action renders the CAPTCHA image displayed on the contact page</span> 'captcha'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">( </span>'class'=>'CCaptchaAction', 'backColor'=>0xFFFFFF,<span style="color: #000000;"> )</span>, <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> page action renders "static" pages stored under 'protected/views/site/pages' // They can be accessed via: index.php?r=site/page&view=FileName</span> 'page'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">( </span>'class'=>'CViewAction',<span style="color: #000000;"> )</span>,<span style="color: #000000;"> ); }</span>
我把它理解为集中声明第三方业务的动作集合，因为本控制器内的动作，我觉得还是action+ID 的方式直接。
什么鬼？你说我用的是index.php/site/captcha 而不是index.php?r=site/captcha .这又得从配置文件说起。
'urlManager'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">( </span>'urlFormat'=>'path', 'rules'=><span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">( </span>'post/<id:>/<.><.><controller:><action:><controller><action><span style="color: #000000;"></span><span style="color: #000000;"></span></action></controller></action:></controller:></.></.></id:>
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