PHP基础知识点简略回顾:变量、函数以及PHP基本格式
PHP基础知识点简单回顾:变量、函数以及PHP基本格式
(1)php变量以及常用isset()和empty()函数
<?php //php语句一定需要分号,JS可省略 //php中的字符连接是.而不是+ $name="张三李四z"; $age="282222"; echo $name."的年龄是".$age; //长文本输出,但是最后的结束标记不能缩进,这个很不整洁啊 $longstr=<<<Heredoc <h1>长文本格式 {$name},这里可以随便写吗?Heredoc; echo $longstr; //输出变量的信息,包括类型、长度、值,JS中用typeof var_dump($name); var_dump($age); //以下结果是1,类型转换 echo (bool)$age; echo "<br>"; //isset()和empty()一般用在判断获取表单的数据 $exp1="0"; if (isset($exp1)) { echo $exp1."有值且不为null"; } if (empty($exp1)) { echo $exp1."为empty"; } echo "<br>"; //定义常量,第三个参数表示是否取消变量名大小写区分的限制,默认是false //注意这里常量名称不需要$但是需要双引号,调用时不需要$,直接变量名即可。 define("DB_HOSTNAME", "localhost",false); echo DB_HOSTNAME; ?>
(2)表格隔行变色的代码
<?php $str="<table width=\"300\" border=\"1px solid #000000\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse\">"; $str.="<tr> <th>序号</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>学号</th> </tr>"; for ($i=0; $i <td> </td><td> </td><td> </td>"; } $str.=""; echo $str; ?>
(3)php如何获得js中的变量值。以下方法虽然能获得,但是获得的值的类型并不是我们想要的,进行运算的时候也会出现错误。其实在php中获取js的值需要ajax技术。
<?php $year="<script>document.write(year)"; var_dump($year); if ($year%4==0 && $year%100!=0 || $year%400==0) { echo "是闰年"; }else{ echo "不是闰年"; } ?>
(4)利用for循环计算规划类的问题。如三种球的数量各是多少之类的问题。
<?php for ($red=0; $red < 25; $red++) { for ($white=0; $white < 25; $white++) { for ($black=0; $black < 28; $black++) { if ($red+$white==25 && $white+$black==31 && $red+$black==28) { echo "红球有:".$red."<br />白球有:".$white."<br>黑球有:".$black; } } } } ?>
(5)除了对象和资源默认是引用传值外(即赋值的时候把地址给变量,可以修改原来变量的值),其他数据类型是赋值传值。
(6)和JS不同,在PHP中,函数内外的变量不能互访,可以看作都是局部变量。解决办法就是声明为全局变量:
——可以在变量名字之前加上global。那么这个变量就可以在任何地方使用。
——可以不在变量前面加global,而是在获取这个变量时候用$GLOBALS["a"]来获取a这个变量。
<?php $a=10; function test(){ $GLOBALS["a"] = 20; echo $a;//Undefined variable: a echo $GLOBALS["a"];//20 } test(); echo $a;//20?>
(7)时间date()和time()。date()的第二个参数是时间戳,就是显示什么时候的时间,其实默认就是time()。第一个参数据i时显示格式。
<?php $nextWeekTime=time()+60*60*24*7; echo "现在的时间是:".date("Y-m-d H:i:s")."<br />"; echo "下周的时间是:".date("Y-m-d H:i:s",$nextWeekTime);?>

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