Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP基础知识点简略回顾:变量、函数以及PHP基本格式

PHP基础知识点简略回顾:变量、函数以及PHP基本格式

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:14 PM
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PHP基础知识点简单回顾:变量、函数以及PHP基本格式

(1)php变量以及常用isset()和empty()函数

	<?php //php语句一定需要分号,JS可省略		//php中的字符连接是.而不是+		$name="张三李四z";		$age="282222";		echo $name."的年龄是".$age;		//长文本输出,但是最后的结束标记不能缩进,这个很不整洁啊		$longstr=<<<Heredoc			<h1>长文本格式			{$name},这里可以随便写吗?Heredoc;		echo $longstr;		//输出变量的信息,包括类型、长度、值,JS中用typeof 		var_dump($name);		var_dump($age);		//以下结果是1,类型转换		echo (bool)$age;		echo "<br>";		//isset()和empty()一般用在判断获取表单的数据		$exp1="0";		if (isset($exp1)) {			echo $exp1."有值且不为null";		}		if (empty($exp1)) {			echo $exp1."为empty";		}		echo "<br>";		//定义常量,第三个参数表示是否取消变量名大小写区分的限制,默认是false		//注意这里常量名称不需要$但是需要双引号,调用时不需要$,直接变量名即可。		define("DB_HOSTNAME", "localhost",false);		echo DB_HOSTNAME;	?>
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(2)表格隔行变色的代码

	<?php $str="<table width=\"300\" border=\"1px solid #000000\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse\">";		$str.="<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>学号</th>
</tr>";		for ($i=0; $i <td> </td><td> </td><td> </td>";		}		$str.="";		echo $str;	?>
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(3)php如何获得js中的变量值。以下方法虽然能获得,但是获得的值的类型并不是我们想要的,进行运算的时候也会出现错误。其实在php中获取js的值需要ajax技术。

    <?php $year="<script>document.write(year)";	var_dump($year);		if ($year%4==0 && $year%100!=0 || $year%400==0) {			echo "是闰年";		}else{			echo "不是闰年";		}    ?>
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(4)利用for循环计算规划类的问题。如三种球的数量各是多少之类的问题。

	<?php for ($red=0; $red < 25; $red++) { 			for ($white=0; $white < 25; $white++) { 				for ($black=0; $black < 28; $black++) { 					if ($red+$white==25 && $white+$black==31 && $red+$black==28) {						echo "红球有:".$red."<br />白球有:".$white."<br>黑球有:".$black;					}				}			}		}	?>
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(5)除了对象和资源默认是引用传值外(即赋值的时候把地址给变量,可以修改原来变量的值),其他数据类型是赋值传值。

(6)和JS不同,在PHP中,函数内外的变量不能互访,可以看作都是局部变量。解决办法就是声明为全局变量:

——可以在变量名字之前加上global。那么这个变量就可以在任何地方使用。

——可以不在变量前面加global,而是在获取这个变量时候用$GLOBALS["a"]来获取a这个变量。

<?php $a=10;	function test(){		$GLOBALS["a"] = 20;		echo $a;//Undefined variable: a		echo $GLOBALS["a"];//20	}	test();	echo $a;//20?>
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(7)时间date()和time()。date()的第二个参数是时间戳,就是显示什么时候的时间,其实默认就是time()。第一个参数据i时显示格式。

<?php $nextWeekTime=time()+60*60*24*7;	echo "现在的时间是:".date("Y-m-d H:i:s")."<br />";	echo "下周的时间是:".date("Y-m-d H:i:s",$nextWeekTime);?>
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