php checkdate、getdate等日期时间函数操作详解
checkdate($month,$date,$year)
如果应用的值构成一个有效日期,则该函数返回为真。例如,对于错误日期2005年2月31日,此函数返回为假。
在日期用于计算或保存在数据库中之前,可用此函数检查日期并使日期生效。
复制代码 代码如下:
// returns false
echo checkdate(2,30,2005) ? "valid" : "invalid";
// returns true
echo checkdate(4,6,2010) ? "valid" : "invalid";
?>
getdate($ts)
在没有自变量的情况下,该函数以结合数组的方式返回当前日期与时间。数组中的每个元素代表日期/时间值中的一个特定组成部分。可向函数提交可选的时间标签自变量,以获得与时间标签对应的日期/时间值。
应用此函数来获得一系列离散的,容易分离的日期/时间值。
复制代码 代码如下:
// get date as associative array
$arr = getdate();
echo "Date is " . $arr['mday'] . " " . $arr['weekday'] . " " . $arr['year'];
echo "Time is " . $arr['hours'] . ":" . $arr['minutes'];
?>
mktime($hour, $minute, $second, $month, $day, $year)
此函数的作用与getdate()的作用相反:它由一系列的日期与时间值生成一个UNIX时间标签(GMT时间1970年1月1日到现在消逝的秒数)。不用自变量时,它生成当前时间的UNIX时间标签。
用此函数获得即时时间的UNIX时间标签。这种时间标签通常用于许多数据库与程序语言中。
复制代码 代码如下:
// returns timestamp for 13:15:23 7-Jun-2006
echo mktime(13,15,23,6,7,2006);
?>
date($format, $ts)
此函数将UNIX时间标签格式化成一个可人为阅读的日期字符串。它是PHP日期/时间API中功能最为强大的函数,可用在一系列的修正值中,将整数时间标签转变为所需的字符串格式。
为显示格式化时间或日期时,应用此函数。
复制代码 代码如下:
// format current date
// returns "13-Sep-2005 01:16 PM"
echo date("d-M-Y h:i A", mktime());
?>
strtotime($str)
此函数将可人为阅读的英文日期/时间字符串转换成UNIX时间标签。
应用此函数将非标准化的日期/时间字符串转换成标准、兼容的UNIX时间标签。
复制代码 代码如下:
// returns 13-Sep-05
echo date("d-M-y", strtotime("today"));
// returns 14-Sep-05
echo date("d-M-y", strtotime("tomorrow"));
// returns 16-Sep-05
echo date("d-M-y", strtotime("today +3 days"));
?>
strftime($format,$ts)
如前面的setlocale()函数定义的那样,此函数将UNIX时间标签格式化成适用于当前环境的日期字符串。
应用此函数建立与当前环境兼容的日期字符串。
复制代码 代码如下:
// set locale to France (on Windows)
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fra_fra");
// format month/day names
// as per locale setting
// returns "septembre" and "mardi"
echo strftime("Month: %B ");
echo strftime("Day: %A ");
?>
microtime()
如前面的setlocale()函数定义的那样,此函数将UNIX时间标签格式化成适用于当前环境的日期字符串。
应用此函数建立与当前环境兼容的日期字符串。
复制代码 代码如下:
// get starting value
$start = microtime();
// run some code
for ($x=0; $x$null = $x * $x;
}
// get ending value
$end = microtime();
// calculate time taken for code execution
echo "Elapsed time: " . ($end - $start) ." sec";
?>
gmmktime($hour, $minute, $second, $month, $day, $year)
此函数由一系列用GMT时间表示的日期与时间值生成一个UNIX时间标签。不用自变量时,它生成一个当前GMT即时时间的UNIX时间标签。
用此函数来获得GMT即时时间的UNIX时间标签。
复制代码 代码如下:
// returns timestamp for 12:25:23 9-Jul-2006
echo gmmktime(12,25,23,7,9,2006);
?>
gmdate($format, $ts)
此函数将UNIX时间标签格式化成可人为阅读的日期字符串。此日期字符串以GMT(非当地时间)表示。
用GMT表示时间标签时应用此函数。
复制代码 代码如下:
// format current date into GMT
// returns "13-Sep-2005 08:32 AM"
echo gmdate("d-M-Y h:i A", mktime());
?>
date_default_timezone_set($tz)、date_default_timezone_get()
此函数此后所有的日期/时间函数调用设定并恢复默认的时区。
注:此函数仅在PHP 5.1+中有效。
此函数是一个方便的捷径,可为以后的时间操作设定时区。
复制代码 代码如下:
// set timezone to UTC
date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
?>

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