Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial CodeIgniter框架学习要义

CodeIgniter框架学习要义

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:23 PM
codeigniter gt nbsp php this

CodeIgniter框架学习要点

以下内容从兄弟连的CI教学视频中摘抄:

http://codeigniter.org.cn/tutorials/

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Codeigniter框架

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

                                                                            讲师:邹义良

                                                                    微博:weibo.com/it266

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

主要内容

 

    CI简介

 

    深入MVC设计模式

 

    CI中的控制器与视图

 

    CI中的超级对象

 

    数据库访问

 

    AR模型

 

    如何扩展CI的控制器


    url相关函数


    设置路由


    分页


    文件上传


    Session


    验证码


    表单验证

 

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CI是什么?

    CodeIgniter是一个轻量级但功能强大的PHP框架

    基于MVC设计模式,提供了一套丰富的类库

    简单易学,高效实用

 

官方网站

    www.codeigniter.com

 

中文网站

    http://codeigniter.org.cn

 

下载当前最新版本

    CodeIgniter_2.1.4.zip

    (截止2015.7.1最新版为3.0.0——笔者注)

 

有什么特点?

    你想要一个小巧的框架

    你需要出色的性能

    你需要广泛兼容标准主机上的各种 PHP 版本和配置

        CI 2.1.4 需要PHP5.1.6

    你想要一个几乎只需 0 配置的框架

    你想要一个不需使用任何命令符的框架

    你想要一个不需坚守限制性编码规则的框架

    你不希望被迫学习一门模板语言(虽然可以选择你喜欢的模板解析器)

    你不喜欢复杂,热爱简单

    你需要清晰,完整的文档

 

目录结构说明

    license.txt  许可协议

    user_guide  用户手册

    syste  框架核心文件

    application  应用目录

    index.php  入口文件

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MVC

 

 

    1.入口文件

        唯一一个让浏览器直接请求的脚本文件

    2.控制器

        协调模型和视图

    3.模型

        提供数据,保存数据

    4.视图

        只负责显示

        表单...

    5.动作action

        是控制器中的方法,用于被浏览器请求

 

 

CI中的MVC

 

    访问url使用的是pathinfo

    入口文件.php/控制器/动作

    application目录中:

        controllers 控制器

        models  模型

        views  视图

    默认控制器是welcome

    默认动作是index

 

 

控制器

 

    1.不需要加后缀

    2.文件名全部小写    例如  user.php

    3.所有的控制器,直接或间接继承自CI_Controller类

    4.控制器中,对动作(方法)要求:

        public

        不能以_开头

 

 

视图

 

    1.在控制器中如果加载视图

        //直接写视图名字,不写扩展名,如果有子目录,则写上目录名

    2.视图中,直接使用原生PHP代码

    3.推荐使用

       

        =$item['name']?>

       

 

 

超级对象

 

    当前的控制器对象

    提供了很多属性:

 

    $this->load

        装载器类的实例 system/core/loader.php

        装载器类提供的方法:

        view()    装载视图

        vars()    分配变量到视图

        database() 装载数据库操作对象

        model()   装载模型对象

        helper()

 

    $this->uri

        是CI_URI类的实例 system/core/URI.php

        CI_URI类提供的方法:

        segment()用于获取uri中的参数

 

        传统的:入口文件.php/控制器/动作/参数1/值1/参数2/值2

        入口文件.php/控制器/动作/值1/值2

 

        echo $this->segment(3);//值1

        echo $this->segment(4);//值2

 

        //index.php/控制器/index/6

        public function index($p=0){    echo $p;//输出6

        }

 

    $this->input

        输入类

        是CI_URI类的实例 system/core/input.php

        CI_URI类提供的方法:

        $this->input->post('username');  //等价于$_POST['username'];

        $this->input->server('DOCUMENT_ROOT'); //等价于$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'];        

        $this->input->server('REMOTE_ADDR');

   在视图中,直接用$this来访问超级对象中的属性

 

 

数据库访问

 

    修改配置文件

    application/config/database.php

    将数据库访问对象 装载到超级对象的属性中 $this->db

    $this->load->query($sql);//返回对象

 

    $res=$this->db->query($sql);//返回对象

    $res->result();//返回数组,数组中是一个一个的对象

    $res->result_array();//返回二维数组,里面是关联数组

    $res->row()//返回第一条数据,直接是一个对象


    参数绑定
    $sql="select * from blog_user where name=?";
    $this->db->query($sql,$name);//如果有多个问号时,需要传入一个索引数组

    表前缀
    $db['default']['dbprefix'] = 'new_';
    $db['default']['swap_pre'] = 'swap_';


    配置为一样,代码中,直接硬编码表前缀就行了,如果以后项目数据库表前缀发生变化,
    只需要修改$db['default']['dbprefix'] = 'new_';代码中的swap_会自动替换为new_

    db的自动加载
    application\config\autoload.php
    $autoload['libraries'] = array(database);
    不需要:$this->load->database();

 

    取自增id

    $this->db->insert_id();

    受影响行数

    $this->db->affected_rows();

 

Active record

 

    1.application/config/database.php

        确保$active_record = TRUE;

    2.application/config/autoload.php

        $autoload['libraries'] = array(database);

    3.在配置文件中,正确配置表前缀后,会自动添加

 

    $res->$this->db->get('表名');//返回结果集对象

    $res->result();

 

    $bool=$this->db->insert('表名',关联数组);

 

    $bool=$this->db->update('表名',关联数组,WHERE条件);

 

    $bool=$this->db->delete('表名',WHERE条件);

 

    //select uid,username from user where uid>=3 order by uid desc limit 2,3

    $res=$this->db->select('uid,username')

        ->from('user')

        ->where('uid >=',1)

        ->limit(3,2)//跳过2条,取出3条数据

        ->order_by('uid desc')

        ->get();

 

    //显示最进一条sql语句

    echo $this->db->last_query();

 

    //where

    //$res=$this->db->where('username','marry')->get('user');

    //$res=$this->db->where('username !=','marry')->get('user');

    //$res=$this->db->where('username','marry')->get('user');

    $res=$this->db->where(array('username'=>'hanyile','uid 3))->get('user');

    echo $this->db->last_query();

 

    复杂的查询请用$this->db->query($sql,$data);//使用问号绑定查询

 

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles