php方式设计之 注册树模式
php模式设计之 注册树模式
在前两篇单例模式和工厂模式后,终于迎来了最后一个基础的设计模式--注册树模式。
什么是注册树模式?
注册树模式当然也叫注册模式,注册器模式。之所以我在这里矫情一下它的名称,是因为我感觉注册树这个名称更容易让人理解。像前两篇一样,我们这篇依旧是从名字入手。注册树模式通过将对象实例注册到一棵全局的对象树上,需要的时候从对象树上采摘的模式设计方法。 这让我想起了小时候买糖葫芦,卖糖葫芦的将糖葫芦插在一个大的杆子上,人们买的时候就取下来。不同的是,注册树模式摘下来还会有,能摘很多次,糖葫芦摘一次就没了。。。
为什么要采用注册树模式?
单例模式解决的是如何在整个项目中创建唯一对象实例的问题,工厂模式解决的是如何不通过new建立实例对象的方法。 那么注册树模式想解决什么问题呢? 在考虑这个问题前,我们还是有必要考虑下前两种模式目前面临的局限。 首先,单例模式创建唯一对象的过程本身还有一种判断,即判断对象是否存在。存在则返回对象,不存在则创建对象并返回。 每次创建实例对象都要存在这么一层判断。 工厂模式更多考虑的是扩展维护的问题。 总的来说,单例模式和工厂模式可以产生更加合理的对象。怎么方便调用这些对象呢?而且在项目内如此建立的对象好像散兵游勇一样,不便统筹管理安排啊。因而,注册树模式应运而生。不管你是通过单例模式还是工厂模式还是二者结合生成的对象,都统统给我“插到”注册树上。我用某个对象的时候,直接从注册树上取一下就好。这和我们使用全局变量一样的方便实用。 而且注册树模式还为其他模式提供了一种非常好的想法。
如何实现注册树?
通过上述的描述,我们似乎很容易就找到了解决方法。首先我们需要一个作为注册树的类,这毋庸置疑。所有的对象“插入”到注册树上。这个注册树应该由一个静态变量来充当。而且这个注册树应该是一个二维数组。这个类应该有一个插入对象实例的方法(set()),当让相对应的就应该有一个撤销对象实例的方法(_unset())。当然最重要的是还需要有一个读取对象的方法(get())。拥有这些,我们就可以愉快地完成注册树模式啦~~~
下面让三种模式做个小小的结合。单纯创建一个实例对象远远没有这么复杂,但运用于大型项目的话,便利性便不言而喻了。
<span style="color: #000000;">php<br>//创建单例</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Single{ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$hash</span><span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">protected</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$ins</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">final</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> __construct(){ </span><span style="color: #800080;">$this</span>->hash=<span style="color: #008080;">rand</span>(1,9999<span style="color: #000000;">); } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> getInstance(){ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (self::<span style="color: #800080;">$ins</span><span style="color: #000000;"> instanceof self) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> self::<span style="color: #800080;">$ins</span><span style="color: #000000;">; } self</span>::<span style="color: #800080;">$ins</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> self(); </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> self::<span style="color: #800080;">$ins</span><span style="color: #000000;">; } }//工厂模式</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;"> RandFactory{ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> factory(){ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> Single::<span style="color: #000000;">getInstance(); }}//注册树</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Register{ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$objects</span><span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span> set(<span style="color: #800080;">$alias</span>,<span style="color: #800080;">$object</span><span style="color: #000000;">){ self</span>::<span style="color: #800080;">$objects</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$alias</span>]=<span style="color: #800080;">$object</span><span style="color: #000000;">; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span> get(<span style="color: #800080;">$alias</span><span style="color: #000000;">){ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> self::<span style="color: #800080;">$objects</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$alias</span><span style="color: #000000;">]; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span> _unset(<span style="color: #800080;">$alias</span><span style="color: #000000;">){ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">unset</span>(self::<span style="color: #800080;">$objects</span>[<span style="color: #800080;">$alias</span><span style="color: #000000;">]); }}Register</span>::set('rand',RandFactory::<span style="color: #000000;">factory());</span><span style="color: #800080;">$object</span>=Register::get('rand'<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #008080;">print_r</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$object</span>);
至此,三种模式设计介绍完毕。各种模式设计本身就会相辅相成,往后介绍其他模式的时候,多多少少会用到一种或多种其他设计模式。
一种模式不懂不要紧,相信编程的深入,定会产生恍然大悟的惊喜感 ,愿诸君与我共进步。
系列文章:
php模式设计之 单例模式
php模式设计之 工厂模式
php模式设计之 注册树模式
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- 谢谢博主

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