Table of Contents
一、PHP四种写法
二、PHP注释
三、PHP变量
四、PHP数据类型
五、数据类型转换
六、常量
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP学习笔记1、基础知识

PHP学习笔记1、基础知识

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:26 PM
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PHP学习笔记一、基础知识

一、PHP四种写法

1、XML标记风格:<?php ...?>
2、短标记(需要在PHP配置文件中修改): ...?>
3、ASP风格(需要在PHP配置文件中修改):
4、Script风格:<script language="php">...</script>

二、PHP注释

1、c++风格的单行注释:"//"。
2、shell风格的单行注释:"#"。
3、c风格的多行注释:"/* */"。

三、PHP变量

1、PHP不要求再使用之前声明变量,第一次给一个变量赋值时,你才创建了一个变量。
2、PHP中声明变量必须以"$"开始,后面跟变量名。
3、变量名以字母,数字、下划线组成,但是不能以数字开头。变量名称区分大小写。
4、变量名必须要有意义。
5、可变变量。
6、变量的作用域是局部的(方法外的变量不能在方法内使用,方法内的变量不能在方法外使用)。
7、常量的作用域是全局的(在整个脚本中都可以使用,使用define函数进行定义常量)。

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<code> php$a="chuangen3";$chuangen1="今天天气真好!";$chuangen2="我要出去玩!";$chuangen3="我要学PHP!";echo $$a;?></code>

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6、引用赋值

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<code> php$a=100;$b=&$a;//将a的地址赋给b,a和b指向同一个内存地址。$a=200;   echo $b;?></code>

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四、PHP数据类型

var_dump(变量名):查看变量的类型。如:$a=100 var_dump($a); 输出:int
1、基本数据类型
整型(integer)、浮点型(float或double)、布尔型(boolean)、字符串(string)。
PHP没有对字符串的最大长度进行严格的规定。
可以使用单引号和双引号和界定符(一般用于多行字符)来定义字符串。
单引号和双引号的区别:双引号支持解析变量名,和解析转义符。单引号不支持。

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<code><?php $a="php100";$b="$a 欢迎您!"//双引号中的变量可以被解析,单引号就不行。echo $b;//使用界定符来定义多行字符串$c=<<<EEE今天天气真好真好真真好又下雨了!!!!EEE;echo $c;?></code>

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当没有上面的要求时,尽量使用单引号来定义字符串。因为单引号执行效率高。
2、复合数据类型
2.1、数组(Array)
<?php $a=array("php100",100,3.33,true); var_dump($a); ?>
2.2、对象(Object)

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<code><?phpclass A{    public $a=100;  public $b=3.33; public $c="php100"; public $d=false;    public $e=array(1,2,3); public function fun(){      echo" chuang enIT教育";   }$obj=new A();var_dump($obj);}?></code>

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3、特殊数据类型
3.1、NULL:表示一个变量的值为空,不区分大小写。
在下列情况下变量被认为是NULL;
(1)、将变量直接赋值为NULL。$a=null;
(2)、声明的变量尚未被赋值。var_dump($a);
(3)、被unset函数销毁的变量。$a=100 unset($a); var_dump($a);
3.2、资源类型(resource)
资源是一种特殊类型的变量,保存了到外部资源的一个引用。资源是通过专门的函数来建立和使用的。

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<code><?php $a=fopen("./demo.php","r");var_dump($a);?></code>

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五、数据类型转换

字符串转换成整型。从左往右数第一个非数字后的内容全部舍掉。

$a='100php100'; $b=(int)$a; var_dump($b); 输出:int 100

自动转换

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<code><?php $a=&#39;100.33php100&#39;;$b=200;$c=$a+$b;var_dump($c);//输出:float 300.33?></code>

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六、常量

1、常量的作用域是全局的,在脚本的任何地方都可以声明和访问。
2、常量只包含布尔型、整型、浮点型和字符串类型。
3、按照惯例,常量标识符总是答谢的;常量前没有“$”符号。

自定义常量

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<code><?phpdefine ("ABC",100);//默认区分大小写echo ABC;   define("ABC",100,true);//不区分大小写echo abc;//输出:100?></code>

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系统常量

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<code><?phpecho __FILE__;//当前文件所在路径echo "<br />";//换行echo __LINE__;//当前语句所在行号echo "<br>";echo PHP_VERSION;//php版本号echo "<br>";echo PHP_OS;//当前windows操作系统?></code>

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