php const与define差别
php const与define区别
原文地址:http://www.manongjc.com/article/491.html
const是用于类成员常量的定义了,定义之后不可改,而define我们定义的是全局常量了, 这样我们在其它地方访问但不能改变了,具体还有一些细节我们下面给各位列出来吧
注意:define不能定义在类中,而const必须定义在类中,并且const必须通过类名::变量名来进行访问
1、const用于类成员变量定义,一旦定义且不能改变其值。define定义全局常量,在任何地方都可以访问。
2、define不能在类中定义而const可以。
3、const不能在条件语句中定义常量
4、const采用一个普通的常量名称,define可以采用表达式作为名称。
5、const只能接受静态的标量,而define可以采用任何表达式。
6、const 总是大小写敏感,然而define()可以通过第三个参数来定义大小写不敏感的常量
7.使用const简单易读,它本身是一个语言结构,而define是一个方法,用const定义在编译时比define快很多。
define是定义常量的,如果在类中定义常量呢?当然不能用define,而用const,如下例:
<span style="color: #000000;">php</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">在类外面通常这样定义常量</span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>("PHP","111cn.net"<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;"> MyClass{ </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">常量的值将始终保持不变。在定义和使用常量的时候不需要使用$符号</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">const</span> <span style="color: #008080;">constant</span> = 'constant value'<span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;"> showConstant() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> self::<span style="color: #008080;">constant</span> . "<br>"<span style="color: #000000;">; }} </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> MyClass::<span style="color: #008080;">constant</span> . "<br>"<span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #800080;">$classname</span> = "MyClass"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$classname</span>::<span style="color: #008080;">constant</span> . "<br>"; <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> PHP 5.3.0之后</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$class</span> = <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> MyClass();</span><span style="color: #800080;">$class</span>-><span style="color: #000000;">showConstant();</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$class</span>::<span style="color: #008080;">constant</span>."<br>"; <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> PHP 5.3.0之后//print_r(get_defined_constants()); //可以用get_defined_constants()获取所有定义的常量</span>?>
一般是define在类外定义常量,const在类内定义常量,并且const必须通过类名::变量名来进行访问。但是php5.3以上支持类外通过const定义常量,看如下,这样是ok的:
<span style="color: #000000;">php </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">const</span> a = "abcdef"<span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span><span style="color: #000000;"> a;</span>?>
关于常量的基础知识,这里不说了,除了以上,define和const的其它区别(摘自网络):
1.const不能再条件语句中定义常量,但是define是可以的,如下:
<span style="color: #000000;">php </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(1<span style="color: #000000;">){ </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">const</span> a = 'java'<span style="color: #000000;">; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> a; <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">必错</span>?>
2.const采用一个普通的常量名称,define可以采用表达式作为名称
<span style="color: #000000;">php</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">const</span> FOO = 'PHP'<span style="color: #000000;">; </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span> (<span style="color: #800080;">$i</span> = 0; <span style="color: #800080;">$i</span> $i<span style="color: #000000;">) { </span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>('PHP_' . <span style="color: #800080;">$i</span>, 1 $i<span style="color: #000000;">); } </span>?>
3.const只能接受静态的标量,而define可以采用任何表达式。
<span style="color: #000000;">php</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">const</span> PHP = 1 //<span style="color: #008000;"> 错误</span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>('PHP', 1 //<span style="color: #008000;"> 正确 </span>?>
4.const本身就是一个语言结构。而define是一个函数。所以使用const速度要快的多。
两个共同步:两者都是不能进行重新赋值。

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