Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP header函数的应用

PHP header函数的应用

Jun 13, 2016 pm 01:07 PM
cache content expires header http

PHP header函数的使用

网页的缓存是由HTTP消息头中的“Cache-control”来控制的,常见的取值有private、no-cache、max-age、must-revalidate等,默认为private。其作用根据不同的重新浏览方式分为以下几种情况:

(1) 打开新窗口
?? ?值为private、no-cache、must-revalidate,那么打开新窗口访问时都会重新访问服务器。
而如果指定了max-age值,那么在此值内的时间里就不会重新访问服务器,例如:
Cache-control: max-age=5(表示当访问此网页后的5秒内再次访问不会去服务器)

(2) 在地址栏回车
?? ?值为private或must-revalidate则只有第一次访问时会访问服务器,以后就不再访问。
?? ?值为no-cache,那么每次都会访问。
?? ?值为max-age,则在过期之前不会重复访问。

(3) 按后退按扭
?? 值为private、must-revalidate、max-age,则不会重访问,
?? 值为no-cache,则每次都重复访问

(4) 按刷新按扭
  无论为何值,都会重复访问

Cache-control值为“no-cache”时,访问此页面不会在Internet临时文章夹留下页面备份。

另外,通过指定“Expires”值也会影响到缓存。例如,指定Expires值为一个早已过去的时间,那么访问此网时若重复在地址栏按回车,那么每次都会重复访问: Expires: Fri, 31 Dec 1999 16:00:00 GMT

比如:禁止页面在IE中缓存

http响应消息头部设置:

CacheControl = no-cache
Pragma=no-cache
Expires = -1

Expires是个好东东,如果服务器上的网页经常变化,就把它设置为-1,表示立即过期。如果一个网页每天凌晨1点更新,可以把Expires设置为第二天的凌晨1点。

当HTTP1.1服务器指定CacheControl = no-cache时,浏览器就不会缓存该网页。

旧式 HTTP 1.0 服务器不能使用 Cache-Control 标题。
所以为了向后兼容 HTTP 1.0 服务器,IE使用Pragma:no-cache 标题对 HTTP 提供特殊支持。
如果客户端通过安全连接 (https://)/与服务器通讯,且服务器在响应中返回 Pragma:no-cache 标题,
则 Internet Explorer不会缓存此响应。注意:Pragma:no-cache 仅当在安全连接中使用时才防止缓存,如果在非安全页中使用,处理方式与 Expires:-1相同,该页将被缓存,但被标记为立即过期
header常用指令
header分为三部分:
第一部分为HTTP协议的版本(HTTP-Version);
第二部分为状态代码(Status);
第三部分为原因短语(Reason-Phrase)。

// fix 404 pages: ? 用这个header指令来解决URL重写产生的404 header?
header('HTTP/1.1 200 OK'); ??
??
// set 404 header: ? 页面没找到
header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found'); ??
??
//页面被永久删除,可以告诉搜索引擎更新它们的urls
// set Moved Permanently header (good for redrictions) ??
// use with location header ??
header('HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently'); ?

// 访问受限
header('HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden');

// 服务器错误
header('HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error');
??
// 重定向到一个新的位置
// redirect to a new location: ??
header('Location: http://www.sina.com.cn); ??
??
延迟一段时间后重定向
// redrict with delay: ??
header('Refresh: 10; url=http://www.sina.com.cn'); ??
print 'You will be redirected in 10 seconds'; ??
??
// 覆盖 X-Powered-By value
// override X-Powered-By: PHP: ??
header('X-Powered-By: PHP/4.4.0'); ??
header('X-Powered-By: Brain/0.6b'); ??
??
// 内容语言 (en = English)
// content language (en = English) ??
header('Content-language: en'); ??
??
//最后修改时间(在缓存的时候可以用到)
// last modified (good for caching) ??
$time = time() - 60; // or filemtime($fn), etc ??
header('Last-Modified: '.gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', $time).' GMT'); ??
??
// 告诉浏览器要获取的内容还没有更新
// header for telling the browser that the content ??
// did not get changed ??
header('HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified'); ??
??
// 设置内容的长度 (缓存的时候可以用到):
// set content length (good for caching): ??
header('Content-Length: 1234'); ??
??
// 用来下载文件:
// Headers for an download: ??
header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream'); ??
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="example.zip"'); ??
header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary'); ??
??
// 禁止缓存当前文档:
// load the file to send:readfile('example.zip'); ??
// Disable caching of the current document: ??
header('Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate'); ??
header('Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT'); ? ?

// 设置内容类型:
// Date in the pastheader('Pragma: no-cache'); ??
// set content type: ??
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1'); ??
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8'); ??
header('Content-Type: text/plain'); ??
??
// plain text file ??
header('Content-Type: image/jpeg'); ? ?
??
// JPG picture ??
header('Content-Type: application/zip'); ? ?
??
// ZIP file ??
header('Content-Type: application/pdf'); ? ?
??
// PDF file ??
header('Content-Type: audio/mpeg'); ? ?
??
// Audio MPEG (MP3,...) file ??
header('Content-Type: application/x-shockwave-flash'); ? ?
??
// 显示登录对话框,可以用来进行HTTP认证
// Flash animation// show sign in box ??
header('HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized'); ??
header('WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Top Secret"'); ??
print 'Text that will be displayed if the user hits cancel or '; ??
print 'enters wrong login data';?>

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Repo: How To Revive Teammates
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

What does http status code 520 mean? What does http status code 520 mean? Oct 13, 2023 pm 03:11 PM

HTTP status code 520 means that the server encountered an unknown error while processing the request and cannot provide more specific information. Used to indicate that an unknown error occurred when the server was processing the request, which may be caused by server configuration problems, network problems, or other unknown reasons. This is usually caused by server configuration issues, network issues, server overload, or coding errors. If you encounter a status code 520 error, it is best to contact the website administrator or technical support team for more information and assistance.

After joining the company, I understood what Cache is After joining the company, I understood what Cache is Jul 31, 2023 pm 04:03 PM

The thing is actually like this. At that time, my leader gave me a perf hardware performance monitoring task. During the process of using perf, I entered the command perf list and I saw the following information: My task is to enable these cache events to be counted normally. But the point is, I have no idea what these misses and loads mean.

What does linux header mean? What does linux header mean? Jul 18, 2023 pm 03:34 PM

The Linux header refers to the beginning of a file or data stream, which is used to contain metadata about the content. By correctly writing and using Header files, developers can better utilize system resources and improve code readability and Maintainability.

Understand common application scenarios of web page redirection and understand the HTTP 301 status code Understand common application scenarios of web page redirection and understand the HTTP 301 status code Feb 18, 2024 pm 08:41 PM

Understand the meaning of HTTP 301 status code: common application scenarios of web page redirection. With the rapid development of the Internet, people's requirements for web page interaction are becoming higher and higher. In the field of web design, web page redirection is a common and important technology, implemented through the HTTP 301 status code. This article will explore the meaning of HTTP 301 status code and common application scenarios in web page redirection. HTTP301 status code refers to permanent redirect (PermanentRedirect). When the server receives the client's

How to use Nginx Proxy Manager to implement automatic jump from HTTP to HTTPS How to use Nginx Proxy Manager to implement automatic jump from HTTP to HTTPS Sep 26, 2023 am 11:19 AM

How to use NginxProxyManager to implement automatic jump from HTTP to HTTPS. With the development of the Internet, more and more websites are beginning to use the HTTPS protocol to encrypt data transmission to improve data security and user privacy protection. Since the HTTPS protocol requires the support of an SSL certificate, certain technical support is required when deploying the HTTPS protocol. Nginx is a powerful and commonly used HTTP server and reverse proxy server, and NginxProxy

What is http status code 403? What is http status code 403? Oct 07, 2023 pm 02:04 PM

HTTP status code 403 means that the server rejected the client's request. The solution to http status code 403 is: 1. Check the authentication credentials. If the server requires authentication, ensure that the correct credentials are provided; 2. Check the IP address restrictions. If the server has restricted the IP address, ensure that the client's IP address is restricted. Whitelisted or not blacklisted; 3. Check the file permission settings. If the 403 status code is related to the permission settings of the file or directory, ensure that the client has sufficient permissions to access these files or directories, etc.

http request 415 error solution http request 415 error solution Nov 14, 2023 am 10:49 AM

Solution: 1. Check the Content-Type in the request header; 2. Check the data format in the request body; 3. Use the appropriate encoding format; 4. Use the appropriate request method; 5. Check the server-side support.

Quick Application: Practical Development Case Analysis of PHP Asynchronous HTTP Download of Multiple Files Quick Application: Practical Development Case Analysis of PHP Asynchronous HTTP Download of Multiple Files Sep 12, 2023 pm 01:15 PM

Quick Application: Practical Development Case Analysis of PHP Asynchronous HTTP Download of Multiple Files With the development of the Internet, the file download function has become one of the basic needs of many websites and applications. For scenarios where multiple files need to be downloaded at the same time, the traditional synchronous download method is often inefficient and time-consuming. For this reason, using PHP to download multiple files asynchronously over HTTP has become an increasingly common solution. This article will analyze in detail how to use PHP asynchronous HTTP through an actual development case.

See all articles