PHP扩张模块结构
PHP扩展模块结构
所有PHP扩展遵循一个共同的结构
参数 | 描述 |
ht | 接收的参数个数。考虑向后兼容,使用ZEND_NUM_ARGS()来代替ht |
return_value | 传递到PHP接口的返回值。 |
this_ptr | 如果这个函数是对象中的方法,this_ptr返回当前对象 |
return_value_used | 标志最终这个函数返回到PHP接口中是否被使用。 |
executor_globals | 指向zend引擎的全局设置。 |
建立zend_function_entry数组,提供给ZEND作为PHP的接口。
typedef struct _zend_function_entry { char *fname; void (*handler)(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS); unsigned char *func_arg_types; } zend_function_entry;
参数 | 描述 |
fname | 提供给PHP中调用的函数名。例如mysql_connect |
handler | 负责处理这个接口函数的指针。 |
func_arg_types | 标记参数。可以设置为NULL |
static const zend_function_entry mysql_functions[] = { PHP_FE(mysql_connect, arginfo_mysql_connect) PHP_FE(mysql_pconnect, arginfo_mysql_pconnect) PHP_FE(mysql_close, arginfo__optional_mysql_link) PHP_FE(mysql_select_db, arginfo_mysql_select_db) {NULL, NULL, NULL} }
上述是mysql扩展中定义的zend_function_entry的部分。其中{NULL, NULL, NULL}标志数组的结束
此块信息必须存储在zend_module_entry结构中,包含模块的必要信息。例如,初始化模块函数指针,模块的名称,版本信息等。
struct _zend_module_entry { unsigned short size; unsigned int zend_api; unsigned char zend_debug; unsigned char zts; char *name; zend_function_entry *functions; int (*module_startup_func)(INIT_FUNC_ARGS); int (*module_shutdown_func)(SHUTDOWN_FUNC_ARGS); int (*request_startup_func)(INIT_FUNC_ARGS); int (*request_shutdown_func)(SHUTDOWN_FUNC_ARGS); void (*info_func)(ZEND_MODULE_INFO_FUNC_ARGS); char *version; [more] };
typedef struct _zend_module_entry zend_module_entry;
参数 | 描述 |
size, zend_api, zend_debug and zts | 通常使用STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER来填充, |
name | 扩展的名称 |
functions | 指向zend_functions_entry指针 |
module_startup_func | 模块初始化时被调用的函数指针。用来放一些初始化步骤。初始化过程中出现故障返回FAILURE,成功返回SUCCESS。声明一个初始化函数使用ZEND_MINIT |
module_shutdown_func | 模块被关闭时调用的函数指针,同来用来做一次性的析构步骤。如释放资源。 成功返回SUCESS,失败返回FAILURE,未使用返回NULL。声明使用ZEND_MSHUTDOWN |
request_startup_func | 每处理一次请求前调用此函数。成功SUCESS,失败FAILURE,未使用返回NULL。声明使用ZEND_RINIT。 从WEB来解释,就是每次请求调用此函数。 |
request_startup_func | 每处理一次请求前后调用此函数。成功SUCESS,失败FAILURE,未使用返回NULL。声明使用ZEND_RINIT。 |
request_shutdown_func | 每处理一次请求结束后调用此函数。成功SUCESS,失败FAILURE,未使用返回NULL。声明使用ZEND_RSHUTDOWN。 |
info_func | 当调用phpinfo()时打印出的关于此扩展的信息。 这个信息就是由此函数来输出的。 声明使用ZEND_MINFO |
version | 扩展的字符串版本号。若无版本号,可以使用NO_VERSION_YET |
[more] | 多余不重要的参数,可以使用宏STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES_EX或STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES |
zend_module_entry firstmod_module_entry = { STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER, "New Module", firstmod_functions, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NO_VERSION_YET, STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES, };
这是一个最基本的模块结构,模块名“New Module”,函数列表为firstmod_functions,未设置startup、shutdown函数
下面是名为test的PHP扩展的文件,通过上面的介绍,对比下面的代码,就会比较清晰的理解PHP扩展开发的步骤。
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H #include "config.h" #endif /*包含ZEND提供的API、宏和基本的PHP内置函数,例如php_trim*/ #include "php.h" #include "php_ini.h" #include "ext/standard/info.h" #include "php_test.h" /* 开启模块中的全局变量 */ ZEND_DECLARE_MODULE_GLOBALS(test) /* True global resources - no need for thread safety here */ static int le_test; /* * 声明函数数组,提供给PHP使用 */ const zend_function_entry test_functions[] = { PHP_FE(my_function, NULL) /* For testing, remove later. */ PHP_FE_END /* Must be the last line in test_functions[] */ }; /* }}} */ /* 模块结构,声明了startup\shutdown、模块名及phpinfo打印时的函数 */ zend_module_entry test_module_entry = { #if ZEND_MODULE_API_NO >= 20010901 STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER, #endif "test", test_functions, PHP_MINIT(test), PHP_MSHUTDOWN(test), PHP_RINIT(test), /* Replace with NULL if there's nothing to do at request start */ PHP_RSHUTDOWN(test), /* Replace with NULL if there's nothing to do at request end */ PHP_MINFO(test), #if ZEND_MODULE_API_NO >= 20010901 "0.1", /* Replace with version number for your extension */ #endif STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES }; #ifdef COMPILE_DL_TEST ZEND_GET_MODULE(test) #endif /* 从php.ini配置文件中读取配置信息 */ PHP_INI_BEGIN() STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("test.global_value", "42", PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateLong, global_value, zend_test_globals, test_globals) STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("test.global_string", "foobar", PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateString, global_string, zend_test_globals, test_globals) PHP_INI_END() /* 初始化全局变量默认值 */ static void php_test_init_globals(zend_test_globals *test_globals) { test_globals->global_value = 0; test_globals->global_string = NULL; } /* 模块第一次加载时被调用 */ PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(test) { /* 注册全局变量 */ REGISTER_INI_ENTRIES(); return SUCCESS; } /* 模块关闭时调用 */ PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(test) { /* 释放全局变量 */ UNREGISTER_INI_ENTRIES(); return SUCCESS; } /* 每次请求前调用 */ PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(test) { return SUCCESS; } /* /* 每次请求结束时调用 */ PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(test) { return SUCCESS; } /* phpinfo()输出扩展信息 */ PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION(test) { php_info_print_table_start(); php_info_print_table_header(2, "test support", "enabled"); php_info_print_table_end(); /* 是否输出php.ini中的配置信息 DISPLAY_INI_ENTRIES(); */ } /* 定义函数my_function提供给PHP中使用 */ PHP_FUNCTION(my_function) { char *arg = NULL; int arg_len, len; char *strg; if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "s", &arg, &arg_len) == FAILURE) { return; } len = spprintf(&strg, 0, "Congratulations! You have successfully modified ext/%.78s/config.m4. Module %.78s is now compiled into PHP.", "test", arg); RETURN_STRINGL(strg, len, 0); }

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