Python内置函数的用法实例教程
本文简单的分析了Python中常用的内置函数的用法，分享给大家供大家参考之用。具体分析如下：
一般来说，在Python中内置了很多有用的函数，我们可以直接调用。
而要调用一个函数，就需要知道函数的名称和参数，比如求绝对值的函数abs，只有一个参数。可以直接从Python的官方网站查看文档：http://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#abs
也可以在交互式命令行通过help(abs)查看abs函数的帮助信息。
调用abs函数：
>>> abs(100) 100 >>> abs(-20) 20 >>> abs(12.34) 12.34
调用函数的时候，如果传入的参数数量不对，会报TypeError的错误，并且Python会明确地告诉你：abs()有且仅有1个参数，但给出了两个：
>>> abs(1, 2) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: abs() takes exactly one argument (2 given)
如果传入的参数数量是对的，但参数类型不能被函数所接受，也会报TypeError的错误，并且给出错误信息：str是错误的参数类型：
>>> abs('a')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: bad operand type for abs(): 'str'
而比较函数cmp(x, y)就需要两个参数，如果x
>>> cmp(1, 2) -1 >>> cmp(2, 1) 1 >>> cmp(3, 3) 0
数据类型转换
Python内置的常用函数还包括数据类型转换函数，比如int()函数可以把其他数据类型转换为整数：
>>> int('123')
123
>>> int(12.34)
12
>>> float('12.34')
12.34
>>> str(1.23)
'1.23'
>>> unicode(100)
u'100'
>>> bool(1)
True
>>> bool('')
False
函数名其实就是指向一个函数对象的引用，完全可以把函数名赋给一个变量，相当于给这个函数起了一个“别名”：
>>> a = abs # 变量a指向abs函数 >>> a(-1) # 所以也可以通过a调用abs函数 1
小结：
调用Python的函数，需要根据函数定义，传入正确的参数。如果函数调用出错，一定要学会看错误信息，所以英文很重要！
希望本文所述实例对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。
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