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linux系统使用python监测网络接口获取网络的输入输出

Jun 16, 2016 am 08:45 AM
linux system input Output

net.py 获取网络接口的输入和输出

复制代码 代码如下:

#!/usr/bin/env Python
import time
import sys

if len(sys.argv) > 1:
 INTERFACE = sys.argv[1]
else:
 INTERFACE = 'eth0'
STATS = []
print 'Interface:',INTERFACE

def rx():
 ifstat = open('/proc/net/dev').readlines()
 for interface in  ifstat:
  if INTERFACE in interface:
   stat = float(interface.split()[1])
   STATS[0:] = [stat]

def tx():
 ifstat = open('/proc/net/dev').readlines()
 for interface in  ifstat:
  if INTERFACE in interface:
   stat = float(interface.split()[9])
   STATS[1:] = [stat]

print 'In   Out'
rx()
tx()

while True:
 time.sleep(1)
 rxstat_o = list(STATS)
 rx()
 tx()
 RX = float(STATS[0])
 RX_O = rxstat_o[0]
 TX = float(STATS[1])
 TX_O = rxstat_o[1]
 RX_RATE = round((RX - RX_O)/1024/1024,3)
 TX_RATE = round((TX - TX_O)/1024/1024,3)
 print RX_RATE ,'MB  ',TX_RATE ,'MB'

简单说明一下清单 4:清单 4 读取/proc/net/dev 中的信息,Python 中文件操作可以通过 open 函数,这的确很像 C 语言中的 fopen。通过 open 函数获取一个 file object,然后调用 read(),write()等方法对文件进行读写操作。另外 Python 将文本文件的内容读入可以操作的字符串变量非常容易。文件对象提供了三个“读”方法: read()、readline() 和 readlines()。每种方法可以接受一个变量以限制每次读取的数据量,但它们通常不使用变量。 .read() 每次读取整个文件,它通常用于将文件内容放到一个字符串变量中。然而 .read() 生成文件内容最直接的字符串表示,但对于连续的面向行的处理,它却是不必要的,并且如果文件大于可用内存,则不可能实现这种处理。.readline() 和 .readlines() 之间的差异是后者一次读取整个文件,象 .read() 一样。.readlines() 自动将文件内容分析成一个行的列表,该列表可以由 Python 的 for ... in ... 结构进行处理。另一方面,.readline() 每次只读取一行,通常比 .readlines() 慢得多。仅当没有足够内存可以一次读取整个文件时,才应该使用 .readline()。最后清单 4 打印出网络接口的输入和输出情况。
可以使用 Python 命令运行脚本 net.py 结果见图 4

linux系统使用python监测网络接口获取网络的输入输出

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