Home Backend Development Python Tutorial python复制文件代码实现

python复制文件代码实现

Jun 16, 2016 am 08:45 AM

主要功能在copyFiles()函数里实现,如下:

复制代码 代码如下:

def copyFiles(src, dst):
    srcFiles = os.listdir(src)
    dstFiles = dict(map(lambda x:[x, ''], os.listdir(dst)))
    filesCopiedNum = 0

    # 对源文件夹中的每个文件若不存在于目的文件夹则复制
    for file in srcFiles:
        src_path = os.path.join(src, file)
        dst_path = os.path.join(dst, file)
        # 若源路径为文件夹,若存在于目标文件夹,则递归调用本函数;否则先创建再递归。
        if os.path.isdir(src_path):
            if not os.path.isdir(dst_path):
                os.makedirs(dst_path) 
            filesCopiedNum += copyFiles(src_path, dst_path)
        # 若源路径为文件,不重复则复制,否则无操作。
        elif os.path.isfile(src_path):               
            if not dstFiles.has_key(file):
                shutil.copyfile(src_path, dst_path)
                filesCopiedNum += 1

    return filesCopiedNum

这里我首先使用os.listdir()函数来遍历源文件夹src和目标文件夹dst,得到两个文件列表,但由于我需要判重操作,因此需要在dst文件列表中进行查询操作。由于列表的查询效率不高,而字典是一个哈希表,查询效率较高,因此我将目标文件列表转换成一个只有键没有值的字典:

复制代码 代码如下:

dstFiles = dict(map(lambda x:[x, ''], os.listdir(dst)))

然后我遍历源文件列表,若该路径是一个文件夹,先判断该文件夹在目标路径中是否存在,若不存在,则先创建一个新路径。然后递归调用本函数。其实不存在的时候更高效的方法是调用shutil.copytree()函数,但由于此处需要计算拷贝的文件数量,因此就没有调用该函数。

若该路径是一个文件,则首先判断该文件在目标文件夹中是否存在。若不存在,则拷贝。

由于写这个脚本主要是为了同步手机相册到PC,因此只简单地判断一下文件名。若要判断不同名但相同的文件,则可以继续判断一下md5值,这里就不再赘述。

完整代码如下:

复制代码 代码如下:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

# 输入两个文件夹a和b路径,将a中的文件拷进b,并计算拷贝的文件数。重复的不作处理。

import os
import shutil

def copyFiles(src, dst):
    srcFiles = os.listdir(src)
    dstFiles = dict(map(lambda x:[x, ''], os.listdir(dst)))
    filesCopiedNum = 0

    # 对源文件夹中的每个文件若不存在于目的文件夹则复制
    for file in srcFiles:
        src_path = os.path.join(src, file)
        dst_path = os.path.join(dst, file)
        # 若源路径为文件夹,若存在于目标文件夹,则递归调用本函数;否则先创建再递归。
        if os.path.isdir(src_path):
            if not os.path.isdir(dst_path):
                os.makedirs(dst_path) 
            filesCopiedNum += copyFiles(src_path, dst_path)
        # 若源路径为文件,不重复则复制,否则无操作。
        elif os.path.isfile(src_path):               
            if not dstFiles.has_key(file):
                shutil.copyfile(src_path, dst_path)
                filesCopiedNum += 1

    return filesCopiedNum

def test():
    src_dir = os.path.abspath(raw_input('Please enter the source path: '))
    if not os.path.isdir(src_dir):
        print 'Error: source folder does not exist!'
        return 0

    dst_dir = os.path.abspath(raw_input('Please enter the destination path: '))
    if os.path.isdir(dst_dir):
        num = copyFiles(src_dir, dst_dir)
    else:
        print 'Destination folder does not exist, a new one will be created.'
        os.makedirs(dst_dir)
        num = copyFiles(src_dir, dst_dir)

    print 'Copy complete:', num, 'files copied.'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test()

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

How to solve the permissions problem encountered when viewing Python version in Linux terminal? How to solve the permissions problem encountered when viewing Python version in Linux terminal? Apr 01, 2025 pm 05:09 PM

Solution to permission issues when viewing Python version in Linux terminal When you try to view Python version in Linux terminal, enter python...

How to efficiently copy the entire column of one DataFrame into another DataFrame with different structures in Python? How to efficiently copy the entire column of one DataFrame into another DataFrame with different structures in Python? Apr 01, 2025 pm 11:15 PM

When using Python's pandas library, how to copy whole columns between two DataFrames with different structures is a common problem. Suppose we have two Dats...

How to teach computer novice programming basics in project and problem-driven methods within 10 hours? How to teach computer novice programming basics in project and problem-driven methods within 10 hours? Apr 02, 2025 am 07:18 AM

How to teach computer novice programming basics within 10 hours? If you only have 10 hours to teach computer novice some programming knowledge, what would you choose to teach...

What are regular expressions? What are regular expressions? Mar 20, 2025 pm 06:25 PM

Regular expressions are powerful tools for pattern matching and text manipulation in programming, enhancing efficiency in text processing across various applications.

How to avoid being detected by the browser when using Fiddler Everywhere for man-in-the-middle reading? How to avoid being detected by the browser when using Fiddler Everywhere for man-in-the-middle reading? Apr 02, 2025 am 07:15 AM

How to avoid being detected when using FiddlerEverywhere for man-in-the-middle readings When you use FiddlerEverywhere...

How does Uvicorn continuously listen for HTTP requests without serving_forever()? How does Uvicorn continuously listen for HTTP requests without serving_forever()? Apr 01, 2025 pm 10:51 PM

How does Uvicorn continuously listen for HTTP requests? Uvicorn is a lightweight web server based on ASGI. One of its core functions is to listen for HTTP requests and proceed...

What are some popular Python libraries and their uses? What are some popular Python libraries and their uses? Mar 21, 2025 pm 06:46 PM

The article discusses popular Python libraries like NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Scikit-learn, TensorFlow, Django, Flask, and Requests, detailing their uses in scientific computing, data analysis, visualization, machine learning, web development, and H

How to dynamically create an object through a string and call its methods in Python? How to dynamically create an object through a string and call its methods in Python? Apr 01, 2025 pm 11:18 PM

In Python, how to dynamically create an object through a string and call its methods? This is a common programming requirement, especially if it needs to be configured or run...

See all articles