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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 有哪些牛逼的网站是直接用开放源码而不是自己写代码的?

有哪些牛逼的网站是直接用开放源码而不是自己写代码的?

Jun 17, 2016 am 08:31 AM
discuz

诸如 discuz phpwind 之类的建站程序。

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很多时候,网站建设的目的并不是实现很多创新的技术效果,而仅仅是为了利用互联网作为平台。因此也就有了很多建站工具。当然,也有很多开源的建站工具,为那些创业者,还有某个领域的爱好者提供了简便的工具。
建站程序有太多太多了,你提到的discuz和phpwind只是论坛程序,而且只在中国比较流行(因为本地化的推广很充分)。
一般而言,一个建站程序总有他“擅长的方向”:
  • 论坛类:你提到的discuz和phpwind都是论坛类的,论坛的的建站程序还有phpBB等(很简洁,外国采用的比较多)。顺便一提,discuz仅仅对个人是免费的,对企业是收费授权使用的,这一点和mysql有些类似,楼主可以去官网具体了解。
  • 博客类:有名的平台有Wordpress,大部分的博客都采用他,也有企业网站也采用;还有Z-blog等其他的博客类的建站程序;
  • 百科类:最有名的是Mediawiki,维基百科就使用Mediawiki,很多百科类网站也都采用Mediawiki,因为词条式的内容管理方式很适合百科。当然,有很多软件的使用手册,或者一些公司的多人协作的日志也采用wiki的模式。dokuwiki也是一种wiki程序,还有国内的HDwiki,互动百科就采用这个系统;
  • 还有许多购物类、SNS、问答类等等建站工具。比如极影的种子发布站(bt.ktxp.com)作为种子发布站,采用了btmaster这个建站工具。
我刚才提到的这些建站工具,你都可以在其官方网站上找到“谁使用我们”的介绍;另外,在网站的“关于”页面,或者最下方一般都可以找到这个网站是用什么工具制作的。
但是,大量简易建站工具的使用不可避免会导致大量同质化的网站出现。一般而言,越是简单的、容易上手的建站工具,可定制性就越差,比如国内大量的discuz论坛网站,样子都差不多。这就导致建站的门槛越来越低,网站的数量提高的同时,质量却不能兼顾。经常看到周围人说我买了个虚拟主机搞个论坛,然后又做一些LOGO然后发帖什么的,幻想有很多人来,白白投入很多精力,很令人痛心。还有一些本来做的很好的论坛,不好好搞论坛,反而又去做SNS社交平台,浪费了大量的资源,这点在国内更为常见。
如果你有足够的推广手段能让大量人聚集在你这个毫无特色的采用建站工具制作的网站上,你一定要有足够优秀的内容,比如说是个字幕组,或者有足够的资源等等。名人的博客、人人字幕组的网站还有那些热门的论坛(摄影,苹果,安卓等),他们是以提供丰富的内容来吸引人,也就无所谓采用千篇一律的建站工具,反而建站工具的使用更有利于用户上手。
但是,如果没有这些额外的因素,就必须要有独特的功能,比如说很少有建站程序能够直接简单的实现豆瓣、亚马逊这些网站的效果。
因此,除了以上这些直截了当的建站工具外,还有大量的更加半成品的建站工具或者框架,这些工具往往定制性非常强,但是又有基本的用户登录,内容节点管理的功能,可以说是个半成品,在方便站长的同时又能做出很好的效果,比如说:
  • Drupal,drupal是采用PHP编写的一个CMS系统,论坛、博客、百科都可以视作某种意义上的“内容管理系统”,论坛的内容是帖子,博客的内容是文章,百科的内容是词条。Drupal有大量的模块可供使用,可以轻易将之改造成一个论坛,一个博客还有更多你想都想不到的应用,比如很多高校网站公司网站就是采用drupal制作的,有名的例子是另一位回答者提到的白宫网站。与Drupal齐名的还有Wordpress(wordpress可以通过很多模块实现比单纯的博客多得多的功能)和joomla等;
  • Django,django是采用python编写的框架(而不是CMS,感谢@亦念的订正)比起Drupal更加的半成品,但是又相对比其他PHP框架的社区更有生机,教程也更多一些,因此单独提上来。同样是python语言的框架还有turbogears等。
比这些半成品更加半成品的,就是诸如Zend、Yii这些框架了,这些框架也具有更好的扩展性,以实现丰富的不同的功能。
总而言之,现在基本已经没有站长是从零开始编写网站程序,因为会做很多重复的工作,比如用户的登录认证,细一些比如头像的上传和处理等功能,一个人或者一个小团队无论如何是比不上一个开源社区的力量的。大部分都会采用或多或少的建站工具,如果自己懂得少一些,可以采用discuz这些几乎一安装就可以使用的建站工具,如果愿意定制的更多一些,可以采用drupal等工具,再往后一般就是利用zend等框架。越容易使用的往往可定制性也越差,而可定制性越强的,模块扩展多的往往越需要掌握越多的html,js,php等语言的知识,需要自己写的部分也就越来越多。但是,既然有像jquery这样优秀的现成的js库可以采用,为什么还要再自己一行一行写js代码呢?
你问哪些网站采用现成的开源的代码而不是自己写的,答案很简单:
几乎所有的网站都不可能完全是由这个网站的团队完成的代码,都或多或少的使用了现成的建站工具、现成的框架、现成的模块还有库等,只是利用的多少不同罢了。越是采用简单建站工具的网站,往往越容易看出来,功能也不丰富,也很难达到牛逼的境界。而那些技术上很优秀的网站,则是在现有的代码基础上,又自己编写了很多代码,也很难看出他使用了什么平台了。 在开放源码基础上二次开发,和直接使用是两回事情。稍微大点的网站,完全不写代码几乎是不可能的。
我记得美国白宫的网站是用drupal做的,另外,discuz也在几个月前评选过十大商业用户,你不妨搜索看看。

你说的discuz phpwind 之类的建站程序是用来只能建站的,对应的素材网站有魔客吧和他们个自的官网,想dede,discuz官网上都有一些简单的模板,可以看一下。要是想找整站源码那可是不好找。不过你可以借助这些平台的智能建站系统在下载一些模板来做结合快速建站,自己调试一下就可以用了,很快很方便。

分享几个我常用的源码下载网站。

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