Table of Contents
变量
1. 变量的赋值
2. 变量的操作
3. 全局变量
4. 静态变量
常量
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP基础篇之变量常量

PHP基础篇之变量常量

Jun 20, 2016 pm 12:30 PM

变量

php中变量名都是跟在美元符号$后面变量名由字母或者下划线开头,后面跟上任意数量的字母,数字,或者下划线。

php > $name = "Tom";php > $NAME = "Jack";php > echo $name;Tomphp > echo $NAME; //变量名区分大小写Jack
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1. 变量的赋值

  • 直接赋值

    当一个变量的值赋予另外一个变量时,改变其中一个变量的值,将不会影响到另外一个变量。

      php > $a = 10;  php > $b = $a;  php > $a = 5;  php > echo 'a的值为:'.$a."\n".'b的值为'.$b;  a的值为:5  b的值为10
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  • 引用赋值

    改动新的变量将影响到原始变量,改变原始变量也会影响到新的变量,使用引用赋值需在变量名面前加&符号。

      php > $a = 10;  php > $b = $a;  php > $c = &$a;  php > $a = 5;  php > echo "a的值为$a\n"."b的值为$b\n"."c的值为$c";  a的值为5  b的值为10  c的值为5
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2. 变量的操作

  • 是否声明

    bool isset ( mixed $var ) 如果$var存在即返回true,不存在返回false。

      php > var_dump(isset($sex));  bool(false)  php > $sex = "man";  php > var_dump(isset($sex));  bool(true)
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  • 是否为空

    bool empty ( mixed $var ) 如果$var是非空或者非零,返回false;" "、0、"0"、NULL、FALSE、array(),以及没有任何属性的对象都将被认为是空的,如果 var 为空,则返回 TRUE。

      bool(true)  php > $name = "Tom";  php > var_dump(empty($name));  bool(false)
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  • 释放变量

    void unset ( mixed $var [, mixed $var [, $... ]] ) 销毁指定变量$var。

      php > $name = "tom";  php > var_dump(isset($name));  bool(true)  php > unset($name);  php > var_dump(isset($name));  bool(false)
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3. 全局变量

  • global 关键字

      <?php  $a = 1;  $b = 2;  function Sum()  {      global $a, $b;      $b = $a + $b;  }  Sum();  echo $b;  ?>  输出结果:3
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  • $GLOBALS 数组

      <?php  $a = 1;  $b = 2;  function Sum()  {      $GLOBALS['b'] = $GLOBALS['a'] + $GLOBALS['b'];  }  Sum();  echo $b;  ?>  输出结果:3
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4. 静态变量

static $var

静态变量仅在局部函数域中存在,但当程序执行离开此作用域时,其值不丢失。

function test(){    static $count = 0;    $count++;    echo $count;    if ($count < 10) {        test();    }    $count--;}test();输出结果:12345678910
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-

常量

常量是简单值的标识符,对大小写敏感,标识符总是大写的。

定义常量: define ( '标识符' , '对应值' )

php > define("NAME",'tom');php > echo NAME;tom
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系统常量

摘自php手册


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