PHP 学习笔记

Jun 20, 2016 pm 12:30 PM

数组的定义

        1. 无索引方法

            $list = array("test","test1","test2","test3");

            该方法定义的数组默认索引从0开始

        2. 有索引

            $list = array(
                1 => "test",

                2 => "test1",

                3 => "test2",

                4 => "test3"

            );

            该方法定义的数组默认索引从1开始

            注: 

            1).有索引的定义数组中索引可以为字符串

            2).打印数组不能使用print, 需要使用print_r打印数组

                var_dump()函数会将数组以详细的方法输出

            3).

            $list = array(
                1 => "test",

                 "test1",

                 "test2",

                 "test3"

            );

            该定义方法与有索引定义的例子相同

        3. range函数

            $list = range(1,10);// 限定数组范围在1到10 之间

            $list = range('a','z');// 限定数组方位在a~z之间

            注:

            在PHP5中range函数有一个新的使用方法

            $list = range(0,10,2);// 限定数组方位在1到10 之间,每次增加2

            $list = (0,2,4,6,8,10);

获取数组的长度

        count($list);

删除数组元素或数组

    1. unset();

        举个例子:

        $list = array('1','2','3','4','5');

        unset($list[2]);

        $list的值为['1','2','4','5']

        如果对整个数组使用unset方法,会清空真个数组

    2. reset();

        清空数组

    注:

    unset与reset的区别在于

    unset会清空数组相关的变量和内存,而reset只会将数组中的值清空,变量还存在.

数组合并:

    1. array_merge();

        array_merge($list1, $list2);

    2. $lists = $list1 + $list2

数组排序:

    1. sort($list); //只考虑值,不考虑键,对值进行排序

    2. rsort($list);// 只考虑值,不考虑键,对值进行倒叙排序

    3. asort($list);// 对值进行排序,但是会保持键值对应

    4. arsort($list);// 对值进行倒叙排序,会保持键值对应

    5. ksort($list);// 对键进行排序,会保持键值对应

    6. krsort($list);// 对键进行排序,会保持键值对应


字符串与数组的相互转换:

     1. 将字符串转换成数组

         $list = explode("字符串分隔符","字符串");

     2. 将数组转换为字符串

         $str = implode("分隔符","数组");

list方法

    用于将数组元素的值赋予给单独的变量

    例如:

    $list = array("1","2","3");

    list($one, $two, $three) = $list;

    print $one . ' ' . $two . ' ' .$three;

输出值为: 1 2 3

注:

    list函数只对数值型索引并从0开始的数组有作用

    使用list函数时,必须确认接收到了每一个数组元素,但是接收的变量可以为空



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