如何在 Laravel 项目中处理 Excel 文件
本文经授权转自 PHPHub 社区
说明
maatwebsite/excel 是一款强大的 Excel 文件处理扩展包, 能够快速完成 Excel 文件的的导出, 解析等功能.
本项目由 The EST Group 团队成员 @monkey 整理发布, 首发地为 PHPHub 社区.
文章的 DEMO 项目
截图
运行
Demo 代码请见:
https://github.com/zhengjinghua/est-excel-demo
请参照此文档运行 Demo:
https://phphub.org/topics/1902
文章概览
- 安装;
- 基础用法;
- 更多功能.
接下来是详细解说.
安装
1). 使用 Composer 安装该扩展包:
composer require maatwebsite/excel
2). 安装完成后,修改 config/app.php 在 providers 数组内追加如下内容
'providers' => [ ... Maatwebsite\Excel\ExcelServiceProvider::class,],
3). 同时在 aliases 数组内追加如下内容:
'aliases' => [ ... 'Excel' => Maatwebsite\Excel\Facades\Excel::class,]
4). 接下来运行以下命令生成此扩展包的配置文件 config/excel.php:
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Maatwebsite\Excel\ExcelServiceProvider"
默认配置基本能通用大部分的项目开发需求, 因此本文不对此配置文件做过多叙述, 想深入研究的童鞋可以阅读官方文档.
到此, 此拓展包即安装成功 :beers?beers:
基础用法
解析 Excel 文件
# $excel_file_path = 你的 Excel 文件存放地址$excel_data = Excel::load($excel_file_path, function($reader) { $excel_data = Excel::load($excel_file_path)->get()->toArray(); // 直接打印内容即可看到效果 echo 'job.xlsx 表格内容为:'; dd($excel_data);});
将数据导成 Excel 文件
// 导出 Excel 并能直接在浏览器下载# $export_file_name = 要生成的文件名Excel::create($export_file_name, function ($excel) { $excel->sheet('Sheetname', function ($sheet) { $sheet->appendRow(['data 1', 'data 2']); $sheet->appendRow(['data 3', 'data 4']); $sheet->appendRow(['data 5', 'data 6']); });})->download('xls');// 导出 Excel 并存储到指定目录Excel::create($export_file_name, function ($excel) { $excel->sheet('Sheetname', function ($sheet) { $sheet->appendRow(['data 1', 'data 2']); $sheet->appendRow(['data 3', 'data 4']); $sheet->appendRow(['data 5', 'data 6']); });})->store('xls', $object_path);
导出的 Excel 内容见下图:
更多功能
除了上述的解析/导出功能外, 此扩展包还支持:
- 解析指定表格里的指定列;
- 格式化日期;
- 添加计算公式;
- 缓存表格;
- 批量解析指定目录里的所有 Excel 文件;
- 可以做格式转换, 如将 csv 转换成 xls, 反之亦可;
- 可以将 Excel 结合 blade 模板引擎进行渲染.
这些更多的用例请移步 官方文档 参考.
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