CentOS 6(64-bit) + Nginx搭建静态文件服务器

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Release: 2016-06-20 12:34:21
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Nginx搭建静态文件服务器

使用命令打开Nginx配置文件:

sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

将配置改为:

server {    ......    ......        # 下面的东西是需要自行添加的配置        location ~ \.(png|gif|jpg|jpeg)$ {        root /usr/share/nginx/images; #这个将替换`server->root`配置        # expires 1d;        index default.jpg;    }    # 上面就是需要添加的东西了    # 对于满足以 .png/.gif/.jpg 结尾的url请求,    # 将其根目录定义为 /usr/share/nginx/images    # 文件的有效期为一天(如果需要可以取消注释)        ......    ......}
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设置完之后通过命令:

sudo service nginx restart重启Nginx后生效。

如果遇到启动失败,使用命令:

nginx -t

查看错误信息

Nginx搭建PHP运行环境

PHP运行环境安装一个 php-fpm包即可:

sudo yum install php-fpm

执行命令打开对应的配置文件:

sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

将server_name改为:

server_name localhost;

将第一个默认的 localtion改为:

location / {    try_files $uri $uri=404;}
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将 404 改为:

error_page 404 /404.html;
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执行命令:

vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

查找并记住 listen内容(以下127.0.0.1:9000是我本机的设置):

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

去掉Nginx配置文件里的PHP的配置改为如下:

# 同样是在server的区块里location ~ \.php$ {    try_files $uri = 404;    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # 就是上面查找到的127.0.0.1:9000这个内容    fastcgi_index index.php;    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;    include fastcgi_params;}
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可以得知我们的配置是正确的。

使用PHP上传文件

配置"php.ini"文件

sudo vim /etc/php.ini

如果不知道php.ini文件在哪里,请执行命令:

php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

设置:

file_uploads = On

重启PHP服务:

sudo service php-fpm restart

在 /usr/share/nginx中创建HTML表单 upload.php:

<!DOCTYPE html><html><body><form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">    Select image to upload:    <input type="file" name="fileToUpload" id="fileToUpload">    <input type="submit" value="Upload Image" name="submit"></form></body></html>
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注意:

  • 确保表单的 method为 post
  • enctype为 multipart/form-data确保可以接收文件

创建上传的PHP脚本

<?php    $target_dir = "images/";    $target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);    $uploadOk = 1;    $imageFileType = pathinfo($target_file,PATHINFO_EXTENSION);    // Check if image file is a actual image or fake image    if(isset($_POST["submit"])) {        $check = getimagesize($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"]);        if($check !== false) {            echo "File is an image - " . $check["mime"] . ".";            $uploadOk = 1;        } else {            echo "File is not an image.";            $uploadOk = 0;        }    }?>
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解释:

  • $target_dir = "images/"表示文件存放的目录
  • $target_file表示文件上传的路径
  • $uploadOk=1暂未使用
  • $imageFileType包含了文件的扩展名
  • 接着就是判断文件是否是图片

检查文件是否已存在

// Check if file already existsif (file_exists($target_file)) {    echo "Sorry, file already exists.";    $uploadOk = 0;}
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限制文件大小

 // Check file sizeif ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"] > 500000) {    echo "Sorry, your file is too large.";    $uploadOk = 0;}
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限制文件类型

// Allow certain file formatsif($imageFileType != "jpg" && $imageFileType != "png" && $imageFileType != "jpeg"&& $imageFileType != "gif" ) {    echo "Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG & GIF files are allowed.";    $uploadOk = 0;}
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完整的代码

 500000) {    echo "Sorry, your file is too large.";    $uploadOk = 0;}// Allow certain file formatsif($imageFileType != "jpg" && $imageFileType != "png" && $imageFileType != "jpeg"&& $imageFileType != "gif" ) {    echo "Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG & GIF files are allowed.";    $uploadOk = 0;}// Check if $uploadOk is set to 0 by an errorif ($uploadOk == 0) {    echo "Sorry, your file was not uploaded.";// if everything is ok, try to upload file} else {    if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {        echo "The file ". basename( $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]). " has been uploaded.";    } else {        echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";    }}?>
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遇到php报 500 Server internal error错误怎么办?

在对应的php文件中增加:

ini_set('display_errors', 1);

在.htaccess文件中(如果没有该文件则手动创建一个空文件)添加:

php_flag display_errors 1

遇到php报 move_uploaded_file:failed to open stream: Permission denied in /usr/share/nginx/images怎么办?

在对应的php文件中增加:

echo exec('whoami');

比如输出的是:

www-data

执行以下语句赋予权限(语句中的www-data应该对应whoami的输出值):

sudo chown www-data /usr/share/nginx/imagessudo chmod 0755 /usr/share/nginx/images

[参考文章] https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-linux-nginx-mysql-php-lemp-stack-on-centos-7

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