Table of Contents
产生原因
验证数据
参数化绑定
总结
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial php SQL 防注入的一些经验

php SQL 防注入的一些经验

Jun 20, 2016 pm 12:50 PM

原文  http://www.cnblogs.com/liuzhang/p/4753467.html

产生原因

一方面自己没这方面的意识,有些数据没有经过严格的验证,然后直接拼接 SQL 去查询。导致漏洞产生,比如:

1

$id = $_GET['id'];  $sql = "SELECT name FROM users WHERE id = $id";

Copy after login

因为没有对 $_GET['id'] 做数据类型验证,注入者可提交任何类型的数据,比如 " and 1= 1 or " 等不安全的数据。如果按照下面方式写,就安全一些。

1

$id = intval($_GET['id']);  $sql = "SELECT name FROM users WHERE id = $id";

Copy after login

把 id 转换成 int 类型,就可以去掉不安全的东西。

验证数据

防止注入的第一步就是验证数据,可以根据相应类型进行严格的验证。比如 int 类型直接同过 intval 进行转换就行:

1

$id =intval( $_GET['id']);

Copy after login

字符处理起来比较复杂些,首先通过 sprintf 函数格式话输出,确保它是一个字符串。然后通过一些安全函数去掉一些不合法的字符,比如:

1

$str = addslashes(sprintf("%s",$str)); //也可以用 mysqli_real_escape_string 函数替代addslashes

Copy after login

这样处理以后会比较安全。当然还可以进一步去判断字符串长度,去防止「 缓冲区溢出攻击 」比如:

1

$str = addslashes(sprintf("%s",$str));  $str = substr($str,0,40); //最大长度为40

Copy after login

参数化绑定

参数化绑定,防止 SQL 注入的又一道屏障。php MySQLi 和 PDO 均提供这样的功能。比如 MySQLi 可以这样去查询:

1

$mysqli = new mysqli('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'world');$stmt = $mysqli->prepare("INSERT INTO CountryLanguage VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)");$code = 'DEU';$language = 'Bavarian';$official = "F";$percent = 11.2;$stmt->bind_param('sssd', $code, $language, $official, $percent);

Copy after login

PDO 的更是方便,比如:

1

/* Execute a prepared statement by passing an array of values */$sql = 'SELECT name, colour, calories  FROM fruit  WHERE calories < :calories AND colour = :colour'; $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql, array(PDO::ATTR_CURSOR => PDO::CURSOR_FWDONLY));$sth->execute(array(':calories' => 150, ':colour' => 'red'));$red = $sth->fetchAll();$sth->execute(array(':calories' => 175, ':colour' => 'yellow'));$yellow = $sth->fetchAll();

Copy after login

我们多数使用 php 的框架进行编程,所以最好不要自己拼写 SQL,按照框架给定参数绑定进行查询。遇到较为复杂的 SQL 语句,一定要自己拼写的时候,一定要注意严格的判断。没有用 PDO 或者 MySQLi 也可以自己写个 prepared,比如 wordprss db 查询语句,可以看出也是经过严格的类型验证。

1

function prepare( $query, $args ) {  if ( is_null( $query ) )     return// This is not meant to be foolproof --        but it will catch obviously incorrect usage.  if ( strpos( $query, '%' ) === false ) {     _doing_it_wrong( 'wpdb::prepare' ,      sprintf ( __( 'The query argument of %s         must have a placeholder.' ), 'wpdb::prepare()' ), '3.9' );   }  $args = func_get_args();  array_shift( $args );  // If args were passed as an array (as in vsprintf), move them up  if ( isset( $args[ 0] ) && is_array( $args[0]) )     $args = $args [0];  $query = str_replace( "'%s'", '%s' , $query );     // in case someone mistakenly already singlequoted it  $query = str_replace( '"%s"', '%s' , $query );     // doublequote unquoting  $query = preg_replace( '|(?<!%)%f|' , '%F' , $query );     // Force floats to be locale unaware  $query = preg_replace( '|(?<!%)%s|', "'%s'" , $query );     // quote the strings, avoiding escaped strings like %%s  array_walk( $args, array( $this, 'escape_by_ref' ) );  return @ vsprintf( $query, $args );}

Copy after login

总结

安全性很重要,也可以看出一个人基本功,项目漏洞百出,扩展性和可维护性再好也没有用。平时多留意,树立安全意识,养成一种习惯,一些基本的安全当然也不会占用用 coding 的时间。养成这个习惯,即便在项目急,时间短的情况一下,依然可以做的质量很高。不要等到自己以后负责的东西,数据库都被拿走了,造成损失才重视。共勉!

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

cURL in PHP: How to Use the PHP cURL Extension in REST APIs cURL in PHP: How to Use the PHP cURL Extension in REST APIs Mar 14, 2025 am 11:42 AM

The PHP Client URL (cURL) extension is a powerful tool for developers, enabling seamless interaction with remote servers and REST APIs. By leveraging libcurl, a well-respected multi-protocol file transfer library, PHP cURL facilitates efficient execution of various network protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP. This extension offers granular control over HTTP requests, supports multiple concurrent operations, and provides built-in security features.

12 Best PHP Chat Scripts on CodeCanyon 12 Best PHP Chat Scripts on CodeCanyon Mar 13, 2025 pm 12:08 PM

Do you want to provide real-time, instant solutions to your customers' most pressing problems? Live chat lets you have real-time conversations with customers and resolve their problems instantly. It allows you to provide faster service to your custom

Explain the concept of late static binding in PHP. Explain the concept of late static binding in PHP. Mar 21, 2025 pm 01:33 PM

Article discusses late static binding (LSB) in PHP, introduced in PHP 5.3, allowing runtime resolution of static method calls for more flexible inheritance.Main issue: LSB vs. traditional polymorphism; LSB's practical applications and potential perfo

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

Framework Security Features: Protecting against vulnerabilities. Framework Security Features: Protecting against vulnerabilities. Mar 28, 2025 pm 05:11 PM

Article discusses essential security features in frameworks to protect against vulnerabilities, including input validation, authentication, and regular updates.

Customizing/Extending Frameworks: How to add custom functionality. Customizing/Extending Frameworks: How to add custom functionality. Mar 28, 2025 pm 05:12 PM

The article discusses adding custom functionality to frameworks, focusing on understanding architecture, identifying extension points, and best practices for integration and debugging.

How to send a POST request containing JSON data using PHP's cURL library? How to send a POST request containing JSON data using PHP's cURL library? Apr 01, 2025 pm 03:12 PM

Sending JSON data using PHP's cURL library In PHP development, it is often necessary to interact with external APIs. One of the common ways is to use cURL library to send POST�...

See all articles