由php的单例模式到php对象的创建方式
最近去面试,遇到一个单例模式的问题,学到一些以前没想到的东西,虽然面试失败,不过还是不错的哦。给大家分享下。
php是以进程的方式运行的,我们忽略多线程的问题,不用给属性加锁。常用的单例模式类。
单例模式运行的场景,有时我们可能在一个进程里面某一个类只有一个实例运行。
常用的单例模式是这么写的。
class SingleClass{
private static $instance = null;
//构造方法
private function __construct(){
echo “ new obj”;
}
//获取实例
public static function getInstance(){
if(empty(self::$instance)){
self::$instance = new self();
}
return self::$instance;
}
}
//$sc = new SingleClass();//报错
$sc = SingleClass::getInstance();//创建单例模式
看起来是没什么问题,可是如果我们clone呢?
(对象复制可以通过 clone 关键字来完成)
$sc2 = clone $sc;//clone 了一个新的对象
var_dump($sc,$sc2);
输出:
new objclass SingleClass#1 (0) {
}
class SingleClass#2 (0) {
}
同一个进程下这个类实际上产生了新的对象,
怎么样避免这个问题呢。
class SingleClass{
private static $instance = null;
//构造方法
private function __construct(){
echo “ new obj”;
}
//获取实例
public static function getInstance(){
if(empty(self::$instance)){
self::$instance = new self();
}
return self::$instance;
}
private function __clone(){ echo "clone";}
}
//$sc = new SingleClass();//报错
$sc = SingleClass::getInstance();//创建单例模式
$sc2 = clone $sc;//clone 了一个新的对象
//var_dump($sc,$sc2);
这时运行代码会报错。
new objPHP Fatal error:Call to private SingleClass::__clone() from context ’’ in /Users/kang/Documents/phpProject/test/test.php on line
这才是php中较好的单例模式。
这个问题的本质是什么呢?php创建对象的方式。
php对象在php源码里面的表示方式见源码
php创建对象的方式,上面已经讲过了。
1 new classname(); 2 clone object
第三种呢,通过反射
$reflect = new ReflectionClass($sc);
$method = $reflect->getMethod(“getInstance”);
var_dump($method->invoke($sc));

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