php打造属于自己的MVC框架思路
本篇文章只是通过一个案例简单的介绍了php的MVC实现原理，其实大部分框架的MVC也都是基于这个原理实现的，废话不多说，直接上代码额！
一、文件结构
建立3个文件夹controller文件夹存放控制器文件
view文件夹存放视图文件
model文件夹存放数据文件
建立1个index.php 作为唯一入口
二、控制器
我们在controller文件夹下建立一个democontroller.php文件，文件内容如下
<p><?php </p>class DemoController <br />{ <br />function index() <br />{ <br />echo('hello world'); <br />} <br />} <br /><p>/* End of file democontroller.php */ </p>这个文件里面我们只是建立了一个名为DemoController的对象并包含一个index的方法，该方法输出hello world。
下面在index.php中执行DemoController中index方法。
index.php的代码如下
<p><?php </p>require('controller/democontroller.php'); <br />$controller=new DemoController(); <br />$controller->index(); <br /><p>/* End of file index.php */ </p>运行index.php，ok如愿我们看到了我们久违的hello world。这两个文件非常简单，但也揭示了一点点mvc的本质，通过唯一入口运行我们要运行的控制器。当然controller部分应该是由uri来决定的，那么我们来改写一下index.php使他能通过uri来决定运行那个controller。
index.php改写代码如下：
<p><?php </p>$c_str=$_GET['c']; <br />//获取要运行的controller <br />$c_name=$c_str.'Controller'; <br />//按照约定url中获取的controller名字不包含Controller，此处补齐。 <br />$c_path='controller/'.$c_name.'.php'; <br />//按照约定controller文件要建立在controller文件夹下，类名要与文件名相同，且文件名要全部小写。 <br />$method=$_GET['a']; <br />//获取要运行的action <br />require($c_path); <br />//加载controller文件 <br />$controller=new $c_name; <br />//实例化controller文件 <br />$controller->$method(); <br />//运行该实例下的action <br /><p>/* End of file index.php */ </p>
在浏览器中输入http://localhost/index.php?c=demo&a=index，得到了我们的hello world。当然如果我们有其他的controller并且要运行它，只要修改url参数中的c和a的值就可以了。
这里有几个问题要说明一下。一、php是动态语言，我们直接可以通过字符串new出我们想要的对象和运行我们想要的方法，即上面的new $c_name，我们可以理解成new 'DemoController'，因为$c_name本身的值就是'DemoController'，当然直接new 'DemoController'这么写是不行的，其中的'DemoController'字符串必须通过一个变量来中转一下。方法也是一样的。
二、我们在url中c的值是demo，也就是说$c_name 的值应该是demoController呀，php不是区分大小写吗，这样也能运行吗？php区分大小写这句话不完整，在php中只有变量（前面带$的）和常量(define定义的)是区分大小写的，而类名方，法名甚至一些关键字都是不区分大小写的。而true，false，null等只能全部大写或全部小写。当然我们最好在实际编码过程中区分大小写。
三、视图
首先我们在view文件夹下建立一个index.php，随便写点什么（呵呵，我写的还是hello world）。之后我们改写一下我们之前的DemoController。
代码如下：
<p><?php </p>class DemoController <br />{ <br />function index() <br />{ <br />require('view/index.php'); <br />} <br />} <br /><p>/* End of file democontroller.php */</p>再在浏览器中运行一下，看看是不是已经输出了我们想要的内容了。
接着我们通过controller向view传递一些数据看看，代码如下：
<p><?php </p>class DemoController <br />{ <br />function index() <br />{ <br />$data['title']='First Title'; <br />$data['list']=array('A','B','C','D'); <br />require('view/index.php'); <br />} <br />} <br /><p>/* End of file democontroller.php */</p>view文件夹下index.php文件代码如下：
<p><html> </p><head> <br /><title>demo</title> <br /></head> <br /><body> <br /><h1><?php echo $data['title'];?></h1> <br /><?php <br />foreach ($data['list'] as $item) <br />{ <br />echo $item.'<br>'; <br />} <br />?> <br /></body> <br /></html>
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