Home php教程 php手册 数组赋值: 数组转换成变量赋值函数extract(array,type,prefix)及其compact函数

数组赋值: 数组转换成变量赋值函数extract(array,type,prefix)及其compact函数

Jun 21, 2016 am 08:49 AM
array extract quot

PHP extract() 函数从数组中把变量导入到当前的符号表中。   对于数组中的每个元素,键名用于变量名,键值用于变量值。   第二个参数 type 用于指定当某个变量已经存在,而数组中又有同名元素时,extract() 函数如何对待这样的冲突。   本函数返回成功设置的变量数目。
编辑本段语法

参数 描述
array 必需。规定要使用的输入。
extract_rules 可选。extract() 函数将检查每个键名是否为合法的变量名,同时也检查和符号表中的变量名是否冲突。
对非法、数字和冲突的键名的处理将根据此参数决定。可以是以下值之一:
可能的值:EXTR_OVERWRITE - 默认。如果有冲突,则覆盖已有的变量。
EXTR_SKIP - 如果有冲突,不覆盖已有的变量。(忽略数组中同名的元素)
EXTR_PREFIX_SAME - 如果有冲突,在变量名前加上前缀 prefix。自 PHP 4.0.5 起,这也包括了对数字索引的处理。
EXTR_PREFIX_ALL - 给所有变量名加上前缀 prefix(第三个参数)。
EXTR_PREFIX_INVALID - 仅在非法或数字变量名前加上前缀 prefix。本标记是 PHP 4.0.5 新加的。
EXTR_IF_EXISTS - 仅在当前符号表中已有同名变量时,覆盖它们的值。其它的都不处理。可以用在已经定义了一组合法的变量,然后要从一个数组例如 $_REQUEST 中提取值覆盖这些变量的场合。本标记是 PHP 4.2.0 新加的。
EXTR_PREFIX_IF_EXISTS - 仅在当前符号表中已有同名变量时,建立附加了前缀的变量名,其它的都不处理。本标记是 PHP 4.2.0 新加的。
EXTR_REFS - 将变量作为引用提取。这有力地表明了导入的变量仍然引用了 var_array 参数的值。可以单独使用这个标志或者在 extract_type 中用 OR 与其它任何标志结合使用。本标记是 PHP 4.3.0 新加的。
prefix 可 选。请注意 prefix 仅在 extract_type 的值是 EXTR_PREFIX_SAME,EXTR_PREFIX_ALL,EXTR_PREFIX_INVALID 或 EXTR_PREFIX_IF_EXISTS 时需要。如果附加了前缀后的结果不是合法的变量名,将不会导入到符号表中。
前缀和数组键名之间会自动加上一个下划线。

编辑本段例子
1

$my_array = array("a" => "Cat","b" => "Dog", "c" => "Horse");
extract($my_array);
echo "\$a = $a;
\$b = $b;
\$c = $c";
?>

输出:

$a = Cat;
$b = Dog;
$c = Horse

编辑本段例子
2
使用全部参数:

$my_array = array("a" => "Cat","b" => "Dog", "c" => "Horse");
extract($my_array, EXTR_PREFIX_SAME, 'dup');
echo "\$a = $a;
\$b = $b;
\$c = $c;
\$dup_a = $dup_a;
";
?>

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