Table of Contents
1. 黑白图像
2. 使用 :not() 在菜单上应用/取消应用边框
3. 页面顶部阴影
4. 给 body 添加行高
5. 所有一切都垂直居中
6. 逗号分隔的列表
7. 使用负的 nth-child 选择项目
8. 对图标使用 SVG
9. 优化显示文本
10. 对纯 CSS 滑块使用 max-height
11. 继承 box-sizing
12. 表格单元格等宽
13. 用 Flexbox 摆脱外边距的各种 hack
14. 使用属性选择器用于空链接
15. 检测鼠标双击
16. CSS 写出三角形
17. CSS3 calc() 的使用
18. 文本渐变
19. 禁用鼠标事件
20. 模糊文本
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial 20 个 CSS 高级技巧汇总_html/css_WEB-ITnose

20 个 CSS 高级技巧汇总_html/css_WEB-ITnose

Jun 21, 2016 am 08:54 AM

1. 黑白图像

这段代码会让你的彩色照片显示为黑白照片,是不是很酷?

img.desaturate {    filter: grayscale(100%);    -webkit-filter: grayscale(100%);    -moz-filter: grayscale(100%);    -ms-filter: grayscale(100%);    -o-filter: grayscale(100%);}
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2. 使用 :not() 在菜单上应用/取消应用边框

先给每一个菜单项添加边框

/* add border */.nav li {  border-right: 1px solid #666;}
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……然后再除去最后一个元素……

// remove border /.nav li:last-child {  border-right: none;}
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……可以直接使用 :not() 伪类来应用元素:

.nav li:not(:last-child) {  border-right: 1px solid #666;}
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这样代码就干净,易读,易于理解了。

当然,如果你的新元素有兄弟元素的话,也可以使用通用的兄弟选择符(~):

..nav li:first-child ~ li {  border-left: 1px solid #666;}
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3. 页面顶部阴影

下面这个简单的 CSS3 代码片段可以给网页加上漂亮的顶部阴影效果:

body:before {          content: "";          position: fixed;          top: -10px;          left: 0;          width: 100%;          height: 10px;           -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.8);          -moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.8);          box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.8);           z-index: 100;}
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4. 给 body 添加行高

你不需要分别添加 line-height 到每个p,h标记等。只要添加到 body 即可:

body {  line-height: 1;}
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这样文本元素就可以很容易地从 body 继承。

5. 所有一切都垂直居中

要将所有元素垂直居中,太简单了:

html, body {  height: 100%;  margin: 0;}body {  -webkit-align-items: center;    -ms-flex-align: center;    align-items: center;  display: -webkit-flex;  display: flex;}
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看,是不是很简单。

注意:在IE11中要小心flexbox。

6. 逗号分隔的列表

让HTML列表项看上去像一个真正的,用逗号分隔的列表:

ul > li:not(:last-child)::after {  content: ",";}
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对最后一个列表项使用 :not() 伪类。

7. 使用负的 nth-child 选择项目

在CSS中使用负的 nth-child 选择项目1到项目n。

li {  display: none;}/* select items 1 through 3 and display them */li:nth-child(-n+3) {  display: block;}
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8. 对图标使用 SVG

我们没有理由不对图标使用SVG:

.logo {  background: url("logo.svg");}
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SVG对所有的分辨率类型都具有良好的扩展性,并支持所有浏览器都回归到IE9。这样可以避开.png、.jpg或.gif文件了。

9. 优化显示文本

有时,字体并不能在所有设备上都达到最佳的显示,所以可以让设备浏览器来帮助你:

html {  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;}
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注:请负责任地使用 optimizeLegibility。此外,IE /Edge没有 text-rendering 支持。

10. 对纯 CSS 滑块使用 max-height

使用 max-height 和溢出隐藏来实现只有CSS的滑块:

.slider ul {  max-height: 0;  overlow: hidden;}.slider:hover ul {  max-height: 1000px;  transition: .3s ease;}
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11. 继承 box-sizing

让 box-sizing 继承 html:

html {  box-sizing: border-box;}*, *:before, *:after {  box-sizing: inherit;}
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这样在插件或杠杆其他行为的其他组件中就能更容易地改变 box-sizing 了。

12. 表格单元格等宽

表格工作起来很麻烦,所以务必尽量使用 table-layout: fixed 来保持单元格的等宽:

.calendar {  table-layout: fixed;}
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13. 用 Flexbox 摆脱外边距的各种 hack

当需要用到列分隔符时,通过flexbox的 space-between 属性,你就可以摆脱nth-,first-,和 last-child 的hack了:

.list {  display: flex;  justify-content: space-between;}.list .person {  flex-basis: 23%;}
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现在,列表分隔符就会在均匀间隔的位置出现。

14. 使用属性选择器用于空链接

当a元素没有文本值,但 href 属性有链接的时候显示链接:

a[href^="http"]:empty::before {  content: attr(href);}
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相当方便。

15. 检测鼠标双击

HTML:

<div class="test3">  <span><input type="text" value=" " readonly="true" />  <a href="http://renpingjun.com">Double click me</a></span></div>
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CSS:

.test3 span {  position: relative;}.test3 span a {  position: relative;  z-index: 2;}.test3 span a:hover, .test3 span a:active {  z-index: 4;}.test3 span input {  background: transparent;  border: 0;  cursor: pointer;  position: absolute;  top: -1px;  left: 0;  width: 101%;  /* Hacky */  height: 301%; /* Hacky */  z-index: 3;}.test3 span input:focus {  background: transparent;  border: 0;  z-index: 1;}
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16. CSS 写出三角形

/* create an arrow that points up */div.arrow-up {  width:0px;  height:0px;  border-left:5px solid transparent;  /* left arrow slant */  border-right:5px solid transparent; /* right arrow slant */  border-bottom:5px solid #2f2f2f; /* bottom, add background color here */  font-size:0px;  line-height:0px;} /* create an arrow that points down */div.arrow-down {  width:0px;  height:0px;  border-left:5px solid transparent;  border-right:5px solid transparent;  border-top:5px solid #2f2f2f;  font-size:0px;  line-height:0px;} /* create an arrow that points left */div.arrow-left {  width:0px;  height:0px;  border-bottom:5px solid transparent;  /* left arrow slant */  border-top:5px solid transparent; /* right arrow slant */  border-right:5px solid #2f2f2f; /* bottom, add background color here */  font-size:0px;  line-height:0px;} /* create an arrow that points right */div.arrow-right {  width:0px;  height:0px;  border-bottom:5px solid transparent;  /* left arrow slant */  border-top:5px solid transparent; /* right arrow slant */  border-left:5px solid #2f2f2f; /* bottom, add background color here */  font-size:0px;  line-height:0px;}
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17. CSS3 calc() 的使用

calc() 用法类似于函数,能够给元素设置动态的值:

/* basic calc */.simpleBlock {  width: calc(100% - 100px);} /* calc in calc */.complexBlock {  width: calc(100% - 50% / 3);  padding: 5px calc(3% - 2px);  margin-left: calc(10% + 10px);}
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18. 文本渐变

文本渐变效果很流行,使用 CSS3 能够很简单就实现:

h2[data-text] {  position: relative;}h2[data-text]::after {  content: attr(data-text);  z-index: 10;  color: #e3e3e3;  position: absolute;  top: 0;  left: 0;  -webkit-mask-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(rgba(0,0,0,0)), color-stop(50%, rgba(0,0,0,1)), to(rgba(0,0,0,0)));}
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19. 禁用鼠标事件

CSS3 新增的 pointer-events 让你能够禁用元素的鼠标事件,例如,一个连接如果设置了下面的样式就无法点击了。

.disabled { pointer-events: none; }
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20. 模糊文本

简单但很漂亮的文本模糊效果,简单又好看!

.blur {   color: transparent;   text-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);}
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