PHP中基于Linux的搜索引擎实现
搜索引擎
搜索引擎是为用户提供快速获取网页信息的工具,其主要的功能是系统通过用户输入关键字,检索后端网页数据库,将相关网页的链接和摘要信息反馈给用户。从搜索的范围上一般分为站内网页搜索和全局网页搜索。随着网页数量的急剧增加,搜索引擎已经成为上网查询信息的必须手段,各个大型网站均已经提供网页数据搜索服务,并且出现了许多为大型网站提供专业搜索引擎服务的公司,如为Yahoo提供搜索服务的Google,为新浪网和263等国内网站提供服务的百度公司等。专业的搜索服务费用高而免费的搜索引擎软件基本都是基于英文的检索,所以都不太适合Intranet环境(如校园网等)的需要。
搜索引擎的基本组成一般分为网页收集程序、网页后端数据组织存储、网页数据检索三部分。决定搜索引擎好坏的关键因素是数据查询的响应时间,即如何组织好满足全文检索需要的大量网页数据。
GNU/Linux作为一个优秀的网络操作系统,其发行版本中集成了大量的网络应用软件,如 Web服务器(Apache + PHP)、目录服务器(OpenLDAP)、脚本语言(Perl)、网页收集程序(Wget)等。所以,通过将它们集中进行应用,便可以实现一个简单、高效的搜索引擎服务器。
一、基本组成和使用方法
1、网页数据收集
Wget程序是一个优秀的网页收集程序,它采用多线程设计能够方便地将网站内容镜像到本地目录中,并且能够灵活定制收集网页的类型、递归收集层次、目录限额、收集时间等。通过专用的收集程序完成网页的收集工作,既降低了设计的难度又提高了系统的性能。为了减小本地数据的规模,可只收集能够查询的html文件、txt文件、脚本程序asp和php只使用缺省的结果,而不收集如图形文件或是其他的数据文件。
2、网页数据过滤
由于html文件中存在大量的标记,如

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