详细讲解动态网页制作技术PHP中的函数应用
在 php 中,允许程序设计者将常用的流程或者变量等元件,组织成一个固定的格式。也就是说用户可以自行组合函数或者是类。
php 中的函数 (function) 和 c 语言一样,包括有返回值及无返回值,不像 pascal 分成函数 (function) 和程序 (procedure) 那么复杂。
在函数的名称上,php 对于大小写的管制很松散。可以在定义函数时写成大写的名字,而在使用时使用小写的名字。总之,对函数而言,不用管大小写,只要注意名称没有重复就好了。
以下就是函数的使用语法
function myfunc($arg_1, $arg_2, ..., $arg_n) {
// 执行一些步骤
return $retval;
}
在使用时,在自定的函数名称前要加入 function 的保留字,表示这是定义用户自定函数。之后的 myfunc 可以是任何的英文字母开头的字符串,字符串除了开头不能是数字或是下划线,在第一个字母后可以是阿拉伯数字或者是下划线,当然其它的符号或是中文字不能当函数名。
$arg_1 到 $arg_n 为函数使用的参数,参数之间使用逗号隔开。在参数后的大括号 {},即为整个函数的部分。函数如果返回值,使用 return 可将值返回。而参数可以事先定义初始值或默认值。有定义默认值参数在使用函数时可以省略,但一定要放在没有配置默认值参数的后面,否则 php 在解析函数时,会出现错误。
另外就是参数的类型,只要参数是 php 支持的变量类型都可以使用,无论是数组、字符串、或是整数....等等。返回值也是一样。
下面即为使用默认值及不用默认值例子
function myfunc1($arg_1, $arg_2, $arg_3="我是默认字符串") {
echo $arg_1+$arg_2;
echo $arg_3."
\n";
}
myfunc(3, 4); // 参数 $arg_3 省略。
myfunc(6, 6, "不用默认值") // 输入参数 $arg_3。
?>
参数的值,通常使用传值方式输入,有时在值得的需求时,可以使用传址的方式,传入参数的指针。方法就是在参数的前面加上 & 符号即可。

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