PHP实例剖析:计数器
本款计数器用文本计数,没有用到数据库,可以实现如下功能:
利用一个文本文件实现多个页的计数
减少服务器的I/O占用率
在需要纪录的文件里,只需加入很少的几行代码
基本思路如下:
服务器程序从文本文件中读取该页被浏览的次数,
(因为所有文件向服务器提出请求时,他们的环境变量REQUEST_URI都代表他来自于...
所以,以请求文件的环境变量REQUEST_URI来辨别到底是那一页正被浏览。)
将这个次数加一储存,并在调用这页的用户的计算机上显示出来。
请先看我的数据文本中纪录的数据样本,(红色为浏览次数,其前面为相应的被浏览的文件)
counter.dat |
好! 我们来看看PHP文件
counter.php
php
/* 定义储存数据的文本文件 */
$counterFile="counter.dat";
/* 定义一个标记,用来辨别现在需纪录的数据是否已经文本数据中 */
$sign=False;
/* 将数据以数组的方式读入变量 $sounterData 备用, */
$counterData=file($counterFile);
/* 用count()函数计算共有多少个纪录 */
/* 用explode()函数把$counterData[$i]按符号"|"分开,并以数组的方式送回到变量$varArray里 */
/* 函数implode()与explode()刚刚相反,把数组$varArray以符号"|"连接起来送回到$counterData */
/* 还利用了环境变量$PATH_INFO
for($i=0;$icounterData)-1;$i++)
{
$varArray=explode("|",$counterData[$i]);
if ($varArray[0]==$GLOBALS["REQUEST_URI"])
{
$varArray[1]++;
print($varArray[1]);
$counterData[$i]=implode("|", $varArray);
$sign=True;
/* 找到本纪录所在的位置后, 用break 退出循环 */
break;
}
}
/* 在这里,利用implode()这个函数的功能,将数据整理好了,一起写入文本文件中 */
/* 这样,对服务器的I/O占用就降到了最低点
$data=implode("",$counterData);
/* 打开文本文件,将数据写入 */
$fp=fopen($counterFile,"w");
fputs($fp,$data);
/* 如果需要纪录的数据不在文本里,标志$sign= Flase, 那么就往文本里添加数据 */
if (!$sign) {fputs($fp,"\n".$GLOBALS["REQUEST_URI"]."|"."1"."|");
print("1");
/* 关闭数据文件 */
fclose($fp);
?>
我们已经看到了这段程序的工作过程,也都知道了思路,但如果,每个文件里都这样写,岂不是太麻烦.
别慌! 我们还有PHP提供的强大的require()功能呢! 我们把counter.php写成函数,使用上不就方便了.
要想使用require()功能,您必须在php.ini里做出相应的配置.
不妨参考一下我的配置过程:
(看过我的"成功之路"的朋友要注意了,我对httpd.conf做了小小的修改,希望对照)
httpd.conf 的配置的相关部分是: ScriptAlias /php4/ "c:/php4/" 为了不至于搞混,普通的 *.php 文件,放置在c:\php4\script下 那么,php.ini里该咋样配置呢? 这反而简单: 在PHP.ini里寻找"include_path",将它改为: include_path ="C:\php4\script\include" 即可 |
counter.inc
php
function Counter()
{
$counterFile="c:\\php4\\script\\counter.dat";
$counterData=file($counterFile);
$sign=False;
for($i=0;$icounterData)-1;$i++)
{
$varArray=explode("|",$counterData[$i]);
if ($varArray[0]==$GLOBALS["REQUEST_URI"])
{
$varArray[1]++;
print($varArray[1]);
$counterData[$i]=implode("|", $varArray);
$sign=True; break;
}
}
$data=implode("",$counterData);
$fp=fopen($counterFile,"w");
fputs($fp,$data);
if (!$sign)
{
fputs($fp,"\n".$GLOBALS["REQUEST_URI"]."|"."1"."|");
print("1");
}
fclose($fp);
}
?>
将他存放在c:\php4\script\include\下,即:c:\php4\script\include\counter.inc
细心的您肯定发现他们有不同之处:$counterFile="c:\\php4\\script\\counter.dat"
没错,为了所有的文件都放置在一个地方,必须提供绝对路径. Unix 有所不同喔.
好了来看我们怎样调用它,先看一个例子:
counterTest.php
php
require("counter.inc");
?>
.
.
.
您是第 counter();?>位阅读者
.
.
.
您只需在要计数的HTML文件的文件头加入require()函数,引入counter()函数为homepage的一部分.
在需要的地方加入 counter();?>就可以了.

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